Small housing has gained prominence in the housing market due to substantial shifts of both population and household structures in Korea. The study aims to examine the spatial clustering pattern of urban residential houses (URHs) in terms of the spatial statistics, and analyze the impacts of both locational and neighborhood residential factors on the formation of the spatial clustering pattern in the Seoul metropolitan area. It is found that the URHs represent a significant spatial clustering pattern based on the census tracts. The hotspots are mostly found in the outskirts of Seoul, where the development of small houses has been concentrated for ten years. Also, both locational and neighborhood residential factors have significant effects on the hotspot formation of the URH. The hotspots are more likely to be found in areas having many available sites for development, high demand for habitation, and high expected profits from developing small residences. Another significant factor is access to public transit, amenities, and employment centers. Therefore, it is necessary to design a rent subsidy program for potential residents and to encourage the development of housing in nearby hotspots with relatively lower land values. It is also important to establish policies and strategies for planning the housing supply and managing the residential environment in low-rise residential areas.
The purpose of this study is to analyze the determinants of rent for urban residential housing in Seoul, using general hedonic model and spatial hedonic model, and to compare differences in rent determinants between small housing and general housing and differences in determinants according to analysis methods. The results of analysis show high spacial auto-correlation in rent for urban residential housing in Seoul, which requires the application of a spatial hedonic model for its proper control. High rent for urban residential housing located at ordinary residential areas is judged to result from cheap land price, simple development procedure, and sharing of residential environment infrastructure. Office hotspot and accessibility to bus stop have no significant effects, for bus stops can be a factor in deterioration of residential environment due to noise, traffic accident and particulates. While accessibility to natural environment like park and river acts as an important premium in general housing, they have no significant effects on urban residential housing, because one-person households, two-person households and young people, the main consumers of urban residential housing, satisfy their diverse needs within homes, and thus may not consider surrounding natural environment as important in the selection of residential location. To enhance residential stability for small households as well as improve residential environment for neighborhood residents, it is necessary to make efforts to manage regional housing supply and residential environment comprehensively.
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