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OBJECTIVE: The Weight Self-Stigma Questionnaire (WSSQ) is a comprehensive instrument for the assessment of weight self-stigma in obesity and has been validated in several languages. The purpose of this study was to examine the psychometric properties and validate the Turkish version of the WSSQ in a sample of severely obese patients in Turkey. METHODS: A cross-cultural adaptation of the WSSQ into Turkish was carried out, strictly according to recommended methods. The questionnaires including the Sociodemographic data form, the WSSQ, Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire, Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale, Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire Emotional Eating Subscale, and Impact of Weight on Quality of Life Questionnaire were completed by 120 consecutive severely obese patients (96 female, 24 male) in the outpatient clinics of the Department of Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery in a university setting in Turkey. All statistical analyses were performed by using SPSS version 23 for Windows. RESULTS: The Cronbach's α (internal reliability) for the two subscales of the WSSQ-selfdevaluation and fear of enacted stigma, and for the whole questionnaire (WSSQ Total) were 0.74, 0.81, and 0.83, respectively. The self-devaluation subscale, the enacted stigma subscale and the total WSSQ have a good internal consistency. Construct validity also appeared adequate as the WSSQ correlates with other measures largely in the manner we expected. Principal component factor analyses revealed a two-factor structure with an almost identical factor structure to that reported in the original study. Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy was found to be 0.81 and Barlett's test of Sphericity χ 2 was found as 457.068 (p < .01). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggested that Turkish WSSQ was a valid and reliable tool with a robust factorial structure to use for measuring weight-related self-stigma in clinical population in Turkey.ARTICLE HISTORY

Night eating syndrome frequency in university students: Association with impulsivity, depression, and anxiety Objective: The aim of this study was to examine frequency of night eating syndrome and its correlates with depression, anxiety, impulsivity and problematic eating behaviors in a university sample from Turkey.Methods: Two hundred and ten students (99 men and 111 women) were included. All participants completed a sociodemographic form, Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS), Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Night Eating Questionnaire (NEQ) and Eating Disorder Examination -Questionnaire (EDE-Q). Body mass index (BMI) of the participants were measured. Results:We found 9.5% of the participants screened positive for NES. Overall scores for NEQ showed significant positive correlation with depression and anxiety symptoms as well as total score and sub-scores of BIS and EDE-Q. Predictive values of depression, anxiety and impulsivity were found to be higher than that of EDE-Q for NES. Conclusion:NES is prevalent in university students. Depression and anxiety symptoms might predict NES.Impulsivity might be of significance for NES psychopathology as well. Impulsivity is more likely to predict NES when compared to EDE-Q scores.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of Turkish Version of the Night Eating Questionnaire (NEQ) in psychiatric outpatient population as a measure of severity of the night eating syndrome (NES). Methods: We examined the factor structure, internal consistency and validity of the NEQ in Turkish. First, we translated NEQ into Turkish and than back-translation into English; correction and semantic adaptation and assessment of the understanding of the questionnaire. We made the diagnosis of NES according to psychiatric examination. We administered the NEQ in 433 patients and the re-test in 141 participants two weeks later. Result: The instrument showed satisfactory internal consistency with an overall Cronbach α of 0.69. Intraclass correlation for the test re-test total score was 0.96. The ninety seven patients had NES with psychiatric examination. The area under ROC curve defined as 0,904. For cutt-of point of 18 in NEQ both sensitivity and spesificity were as 90.7% and 73.8%. The confirmatory factor analysis of the NEQ yielded a similar four factor solution as the original scale. Conclusions: We found that Turkish version of NEQ is valid and has good diagnos-_____________________________________________________________________________________________________

The aim of this study was to examine validity and reliability of Turkish version of Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS) among Turkish bariatric surgery patients. Methods: The YFAS scale was administered to obese patients (n=171) who were seeking or underwent bariatric surgery. Construct validity of the scale was evaluated with factor analysis and reliability was evaluated with item-total score correlation and repeatability were tested by intraclass correlation (ICC) analysis between test-retest results. Results: Internal concistency was found adequate Kuder-Richardson Formula 20 coefficient (KR-20) 0.822, and Cronbach's alpha 0.859 for the entire 25-item YFAS. As Bartlett's Test of Sphericity was significant, the factor model developed in the present study was decided appropriate. Factor analysis extracted six factor in Turkish YFAS that explained for 67.51% of the total variance. Item total correlation coefficients of scale ranged from 0.214-0.666. Conclusion: Our findings support the use of the Turkish YFAS as a reliable measure of food addiction among bariatric surgery patients.