α,α-Disubstituted ketones containing an aromatic ring or alkene are reduced in high enantiomeric excess using an asymmetric transfer hydrogenation catalyst. The sense of reduction indicates that the unsaturated region of the ketone adopts a position adjacent to the Ru-bound η(6)-arene ring in the reduction transition state.
[Chemical reaction: See text] A series of BINOL-derived ligands have been prepared and incorporated into ruthenium(II) complexes containing a diamine ligand. The complexes have proven to be excellent catalysts for the asymmetric hydrogenation of ketones, giving reduction products with enantiomeric excesses of up to 99%.
Alcohols Q 0230Ruthenium (II) Complexes of Monodonor Ligands: Efficient Reagents for Asymmetric Ketone Hydrogenation. -A number of Ru complexes such as (I) is prepared. The derivative (Ia) is found to be an excellent catalyst for the asymmetric hydrogenation of various ketones. Steric and electronic factors influence the degree of enantioselectivity. -(XU, Y.; CLARKSON, G. C.; DOCHERTY, G.; NORTH, C. L.; WOODWARD, G.; WILLS*, M.; J. Org. Chem. 70 (2005) 20, 8079-8087; Dep. Chem., Univ. Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK; Eng.) -Jannicke 06-084
The regioselective lithiation of 1,2,3-triazoles provides an opportunity to introduce additional functionality, however this simple functionalisation strategy using triazoles bearing electron-withdrawing N-substituents has not been investigated until now. Herein, we demonstrate that the lithiated triazole intermediates can readily decompose, even at −78 °C. In addition, lithiation-deuteration studies reveal lithiation can take place competitively on both the triazole and the electron-withdrawn aryl ring. Careful control of reaction conditions is therefore required to i) minimise decomposition pathways; and ii) facilitate regioselective functionalisation of the triazole.
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