Resumo. O hemangiossarcoma canino é uma neoplasia maligna de células endoteliais dos vasos sanguíneos, altamente metastáticos quando em sua forma visceral, podendo também se manifestar como forma primária cutânea. A espécie canina é descrita como sendo a mais afetada. Machos com idade entre dez e 12 anos são mais predispostos ao desenvolvimento do hemangiossarcoma (HSA). A manifestação clínica da doença é inespecífica e varia conforme a localização do sítio primário ou metástases. O diagnóstico definitivo ocorre através de histopatologia por biópsia do tumor. A terapia se dá por excisão cirúrgica e protocolos terapêuticos oncológicos. O prognóstico é considerado reservado, dependendo de qual fase foi diagnosticada a doença. Esta revisão de literatura tem por objetivo esclarecer e contribuir para o conhecimento da patologia, através da avaliação de órgãos e sistemas acometidos, sinais clínicos bem como apresentação de diagnósticos e tratamentos disponíveis.
Feline sporotrichosis is a relevant mycose in veterinary medicine due to its severity and zoonotic potential and the fact that it can be difficult to treat. The immune status of the animal exerts influence on the prognosis of the disease and determines its clinical outcome. This study evaluated the efficacy of the immunomodulatory thymomodulin as an adjunct to antifungal therapy in cats with disseminated sporotrichosis; thymomodulin was used in association with itraconazole (ITL) and potassium iodide (KI) to treat this fungal disease in the feline patient. Thirty-one cats (n=31) diagnosed with disseminated cutaneous sporotrichosis were divided into two groups as follows: Group 1 (G1) (n=16), which included those animals that were treated with thymomodulin in association with ITL and KI, and Group 2 (G2) (n=15) which had pacientsthat received ITL and KI only. The response to different treatment modalities was assessed, considering the survival rate, time frame for the lesions to respond to therapy, and clinical improvement or deterioration according to a body condition score system. Animals from G1 had a survival rate of nearly 100% (93.6%) that was approximately twice higher than the survival rate of those animals from G2 (53%). Moreover, patients from G1 had a significantly better prognosis, improved body condition, and shorter time for remission of the extra cutaneous clinical signs (p<0.02). Our findings showed that the association of thymomodulin with ITL and KI improves the prognosis of cats with disseminated cutaneous sporotrichosis.
The present study aimed to evaluate the use of aqueous wheat extracts as an adjunct to antineoplastic therapy with carboplatin. In this study, 32 rats were used which were randomly distributed into 4 groups: G1 - negative control; G2 - control treated with physiological solution; G3 - animals treated with aqueous extract of wheat in the concentration of 100mg/kg; G4 - animals treated with aqueous wheat extract at the concentration of 400mg/kg; 300mg/m² of carboplatin was administered intraperitoneally at day 0 in animals from groups G2, G3, and G4, whereas 1ml of physiological solution was administered by the same route in animals from group G1. Animals were treated daily for 21 days by orogastric gavage according to their respective experimental group. Blood was collected from animals on days 3, 7 and 21 for complete blood count (CBC), biochemistry, and measurement of paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity. On day 21, animals were euthanized and necropsied. Promising results were obtained regarding oxidative balance in groups G3 and G4. Both presented better PON1 activity in comparison with group G2 (P<0.05). Total leukocyte count of group G4 differed significantly from group G2 (P<0.05) on day 21. Myelogram values of animals from groups G3 and G4 were similar to those from G1; animals from G3 had lower numbers of promyelocytes and increased numbers of erythrocytes and rubriblasts than animals from G2 (P<0.05). In the present experimental study, aqueous wheat extract was safe at the doses used in the animals, and was an effective treatment for myelosuppression and for the prevention of an excessive release of free radicals induced by carboplatin.
Sporotrichosis is a subcutaneous mycosis caused by the fungi of the Sporothrix schencki complex. The disease affects men and animals and is particularly severe in cats. The infection is typically acquired by traumatic inoculation of the fungus through scratches and bites from infected animals. Prognosis is worse in patients with immunodepressive diseases such as FeLV, and when administration of treatment is challenging. We report the therapeutic management of sporotrichosis in a cat seropositive for FeLV. Treatment resulted in regression of lesions and marked improvement of clinical signs.
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most prevalent disease of the cardiac muscle in cats. The condition can be primary or secondary to other diseases, such as hyperthyroidism, systemic arterial hypertension, or subaortic stenosis. HCM is characterized by thickening of the free wall of the left ventricle and/or the interventricular septum. Clinical signs are variable and when present include dyspnea, murmur and arrhythmias, as well as non-specific signs. The aim of this case repost is to alert clinicians to the importance of investigating changes in physical parameters such as systemic blood pressure and heart rate, and to consider HCM as a differential diagnosis in young cats.
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