IntroductionDespite of benefits of bariatric surgery for obesity treatment, the procedure may be related to some complications.AimAnalyze studies to address the relation between nephrolithiasis and bariatric surgery.MethodsTen papers about this theme were selected from 2005-2013 in Pubmed, describing the relation of nephrolithiasis or their risk factors with several types of bariatric surgery.ResultsRetrospective studies with minimal follow-up of three years demonstrated 7,65% in surgery patients and 4,63% non-surgery with nephrolithiasis (p<0,05). Prospective studies (8 of 10) revealed large percentage of calculi appearing and significant increase in oxaluria.ConclusionThere is correlation between obesity surgery and nephrolithiasis.