No abstract

for a recent elaboration of this scheme.(14) This value is close to that observed for near Lim solvolyses (e.g., for ferf-BuCl in water the value is 1.37 per CDs). See E. R. Thornton, "Solvolysis Mechanisms," Ronald Press, New York, N. Y., 1964, for a discussion.(15) As a corollary it should be noted that the elimination reactions which accompany these ion-pair Sn2 reactions no doubt occur by ionpair E2 mechanisms. In our opinion, ion-pair E2 mechanisms, rather than concerted E2 mechanisms, are responsible for the second-order components which commonly appear in the rate expressions when high concentrations of lyate ion are introduced into solvolysis reactions of tertiary halide (or like) substrates.

A total of 119 CeO(n)fragments with n = 3-12 were analyzed by using the bond valence sum, or BVS, method to yield new R(0) values for Ce(III)-O of 2.121(13) A and for Ce(IV)-O of 2.068(12) A. These R(0) values can be used to calculate the oxidation state of Ce in complexes where Ce is bonded only to O ligands. Furthermore, the average R(0) value of 2.094 A gives a good indication of whether the oxidation state of the Ce ion is +3 or +4 from the observed distances without any assumptions. The fact that complexes with coordination numbers of 10-12 are in agreement is significant since this study is the first example which indicates that high coordination numbers also follow BVS rules. The Ce-O distances used in deriving the R(0) values for the +3 and +4 complexes are tabulated as a function of coordination number and have a wide range of values, but the average Ce-O distance reflects the requirement that the BVS must equal the oxidation state. Several examples are given where the oxidation state of the Ce ion is apparently incorrectly assigned, as well as cases where problems with the X-ray structure determinations are indicated by a disagreement between the postulated and calculated oxidation state.

No abstract

No abstract