Metrics are essential in software engineering for measuring software complexity, quality, estimating size and project effort. The major techniques for software cost estimation are sizing or predication of various kinds of software deliverable items. The cost estimation techniques consists of various categories like tools and methods for estimating and measuring software size, function points, lines of code, and object points. This paper highlights the object-oriented software metrics proposed in 90s' by Chidamber, Kemerer and several studies were conducted to validate the metrics and discovered several deficiencies. Further new object oriented metrics were proposed by Li. Chidamber, Kemerer proposed six software metrics as Weighted Methods per Class (WMC), Depth of Inheritance Tree (DIT), Number of Children (NOC) , Coupling Between Object classes (CBO), Response For a Class (RFC), Lack of Cohesion in Methods (LCOM). A new metrics suite for object-oriented programming proposed by Li includes Number of Ancestor Classes (NAC), Number of Local Methods (NLM), Class Method Complexity (CMC), Number of Descendent Classes (NDC), Coupling Through Abstract Data Type (CTA), and Coupling Through Message Passing (CTM) as an alternatives to Chidamber and Kemerer metrics. Here the comparisons have been made between the metrics proposed by Chidamber, Kemerer and Li.
-In present-day time, most of the associations are making use of web services for improved services to their clients. With the upturn in count of web users, there is a considerable hike in the web attacks. Thus, security becomes the dominant matter in web applications. The disparate kind of vulnerabilities resulted in the disparate types of attacks. The attackers may take benefit of these vulnerabilities and can misuse the data in the database. Study indicates that more than 80% of the web applications are vulnerable to cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks. XSS is one of the fatal attacks & it has been practiced over the maximum number of well-known search engines and social sites. In this paper, we have considered XSS attacks, its types and different methods employed to resist these attacks with their corresponding limitations. Additionally, we have discussed the proposed approach for countering XSS attack and how this approach is superior to others.
Advances in remote innovation and hand-held processing systems have acquired transformation in mobile communication’s area. The expanding mobility of people over the globe created interest for infrastructureless and rapidly deployable portable systems. Such systems are alluded to as Mobile Adhoc Networks (MANET). Generally, nodes in MANETs additionally work as a router while they are allowed to roam while transmitting with each other. This paper gives a proposal approach towards the coordinate based link stability and the same is shown with the help of proposed flowchart.
Firewall is a device that secure the private network from unauthorized access. Model based  tool assistance  facilitate the design task and has contribute to the correctness of the filters. But the model based tool assistance approach is design time only does not manage actions at run time. So we shall propose model on run time auditing architecture to detect the attack while packet filtering in firewall technology. It is usually based on the log-files of the packet-filters.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.