Anterior mediastinal teratomas are rare germ cell tumors. We report a case of such rare tumor in a young adult male of 21 yrs old who presented with persistent cough of one and half month duration. Computed tomography of the chest confirmed the diagnosis as anterior mediastinal teratoma. Patient underwent a right anterolateral thoracotomy. Intraoperatively there was a large mass in the anterior mediastinum extending to right hemithorax. The mass was compressing the great vessels, adherent to chest wall, pericardium, and lung. Complete excision of the mass done. Patient underwent uneventful recovery. Histopathology reported as benign cystic teratoma.

adrenal myelolipoma are rare benign tumors, incidentally detected on CT. CT or MRI is diagnostic. Large myelolipoma warrants surgery due to the risk of hemorrhage.

Introduction. Various studies have reported conflicting results regarding the relationship between breast and thyroid diseases. The exact pathogenesis behind this association is not clear. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of thyroid disease in patients presenting with breast diseases and to examine whether thyroid screening is required in patients with breast diseases. Methodology. All patients attending the department of General Surgery in our institution with breast diseases during the period from December 2015 to September 2017 were enrolled for the study. A thorough clinical examination which included an examination of the neck was done. Thyroid profile and ultrasonography neck were performed in all patients and the pathology in all radiologically diagnosed cases of nodular goiter was confirmed by cytology. Results. We had 128 patients with breast diseases enrolled in the study of which 62 (48%) patients had malignant breast disease and 66 (52%) patients had benign breast disease. None of the patients in our study had a palpable thyroid nodule or a diffuse goiter. Of the 61 patients having malignant breast diseases, 26 (42.6%) patients had a radiologically detected thyroid disease and among the 64 patients with benign breast diseases, 10 (15.6%) had radiologically detected thyroid diseases. Conclusions. In our study the prevalence of nodular goiter was higher in patients with malignant breast diseases than patients with benign breast diseases. However, this prevalence or clinical relevance is not significant enough to warrant screening for thyroid disease in patients with breast diseases.

Background: Skin grafting offers a method of regaining skin continuity. The common causes of skin graft failure are hematoma, seroma, infection. These affect the graft uptake maximally in the initial postoperative period by impairing graft adherence and subsequent revascularization. Aim of study was to compare graft uptake, rejection, seroma and infection among first postoperative dressing on day 3 versus day 5.Methods: A comparative, prospective study conducted at our institute from November 2015 to April 2021, with 100 patients who underwent SSG (split skin grafting) who were distributed into two groups. Group A underwent the first postoperative dressing on day 3 and group B on day 5. The second postoperative dressing was done 2 days following the first. The grafted site was then assessed on for the percentage of graft uptake, rejection, seroma, infection clinically and through culture and sensitivity.Results: The mean graft uptake in group A was 88.48% whereas in group B was 82.62% in the first dressing and in the second dressing, group A was 88.14% whereas group B was 78.02%, with statistically significant data and thus showing less rejection and infection rate in group A. Seroma was present in 82% of cases in group A and 74% in group B on 1st postoperative dressing which reduced to 6% and 12% respectively with the 2nd dressing.Conclusions: Thus, the first postoperative dressing done on Day 3 following skin grafting, significantly increased the final uptake of the graft, reduced seroma, infection and rejection rate.

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BACKGROUNDTrue hermaphroditism is a rare disorder of sexual differentiation characterised by presence of both ovarian and testicular tissue regardless of their karyotype. Most of these cases result from 46XX karyotypes, and fewer involving 46 XY or 46 XX/46 XY mosaicism. 1 We are reporting a case of true hermaphroditism presented as left-sided inguinal hernia in an adult male patient.

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Objectives The aims of this study were to establish the use of single-dose prophylactic intravenous antibiotics in the prevention of postoperative wound infection following clean surgeries in a government setup in India and to assess the efficacy of single-dose prophylactic ceftriaxone in preventing surgical site infection following clean surgeries by a prospective randomized trial. Methods A prospective study was done on patients in the Department of General Surgery in Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences, Hubli, Karnataka, India, from January 2011 to December 2014. A total of 822 patients were divided into 2 groups. The first group (A), consisting of 406 patients, received a single-dose antibiotic prophylaxis, and the second group (B), consisting of 416 patients, received 3 days or more of postoperative doses of antibiotic therapy. Only clean procedures are included, and results were compared. Results In the first group (A), the rate of infection was 4 of 406. In the second group (B), the rate of infection was 6 of 416. Overall wound infection rate was 0.95%; wound infection rate after administration of single-dose preoperative antibiotic was 0.96%, and in the routine postoperative group, it was 0.94% (P = 0.9). Conclusions This study concludes that single-dose preoperative antibiotic alone is as effective as the use of empiric antibiotics given for 3 days or more in clean surgeries. It will facilitate in decreasing superinfections among and resistance to bacterial strains, health care costs, and morbidity secondary to antibiotic administration (eg, drug toxicity, antibiotic-related diarrhea) in a developing country such as India.