SummaryHoloprosencephaly is a rare spectrum of cerebral and facial malformations resulting from incomplete division of the embryonic forebrain ( prosencephalon) into distinct lateral cerebral hemisphere. Holoprosencephaly spectrum in the fetus is often associated with other anomalies, particularly of the face and extremities. Here we present three different cases of patients with holoprosencephaly who failed to attain routine sonography during 11-20 weeks owing to some unavoidable circumstances. Two of them were diagnosed during the third trimester and one in the late second trimester. Ultrasound findings of associated anomalies were confirmed after a clinical examination of the delivered fetuses.
BACKGROUND
SummaryInversion of the uterus is a rare clinical problem. It is encountered as an obstetric emergency and is a diagnostic challenge in gynaecology. Non-puerperal inversion usually results from a tumour implanted on fundus of the uterus. Treatment depends on the associated pathology and the stage of the inversion. A rare case of non-puerperal uterine inversion caused by a large fundal submucous fibroid in a 58-year-old woman resulting in lower abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding was reported. After removal of fibroid, reduction of the inversion was successful and then abdominal hysterectomy was performed.
BACKGROUND
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