Diamane, the two-dimensional counterpart of diamond, is achieved from bi-layer graphene (BlG) or few-layer graphene (FlG) through surface chemical adsorption or high-pressure technology. Diamane with interlayer sp 3 bonding is found to have excellent heat transfer, ultralow friction, high natural frequency, and tunable band gap, which shows the potential technological and industrial applications in nano-photonics, ultrasensitive resonator-based sensors, and improved wear resistance. in this review, we summarize the structure character, synthesis strategies, and physical properties of different diamanes, including hydrogenated diamane (hD), fluorinated diamane (FD), and pristine diamane (PD). in addition, we discuss the effect of functional groups, element doping, and stacking order on the physical properties of diamane. Finally, the remaining challenges and future opportunities for the further development of diamane are addressed.

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