This study uses the improved Cobb-Douglas two-factor production function model to explore the potential relationship between economic growth and energy consumption through the multiple co-integration test on the panel data of China from 1985 to 2018. The results show that there is a positive long-term balance between energy consumption and economic growth: economic growth of 1%, total energy consumption growth of 1.53%, which means that economic growth needs higher energy support in the former short term. At the same time, the error correction term will converge energy consumption to a long-term equilibrium state with an adjustment intensity of 134.59%. From the results of variance decomposition, we can also see that as the number of periods increases, the part of real economic growth explained by energy consumption gradually increases.
The construction of sponge cities is of great strategic significance to solving the urban water resource problem in the future. According to the policy guidance of sponge city construction, the evaluation index system of sponge city construction projects is constructed. In order to overcome the interference caused by the interaction between indexes, a nonadditive measure and Shapley function are combined to determine the weights of attribute indexes, and the generalized Shapley interval-valued intuitionistic uncertain linguistic Choquet averaging (GS-IVIULCA) operator is used to calculate the comprehensive evaluation value of the schemes. On this basis, a new evaluation method of sponge city construction project selection under an uncertain information environment is presented and empirically evaluated. The results show that the index weight of rainwater collection and utilization is the largest, indicating that decision makers pay more attention to the ecological and environmental benefits of this item in the sponge city construction process.
China is still one of the countries dominated by thermal power generation. In order to generate more efficient, stable and clean power, it is necessary to evaluate thermal power generation units (TPGU). Firstly, a comprehensive evaluation index system for TPGU with 20 secondary indicators was established from four aspects: reliability indicators, economic indicators, technical supervision indicators, and major operating indicators. Secondly, the entropy weight method can be used to calculate the weight of each second-level index. Mahalanobis Distance improved Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method is coupled with the Grey Relational Analysis (GRA), and the comprehensive evaluation values of 5 units (600MW) are respectively 0.4516, 0.5247, 0.3551, 0.5589 and 0.6168 from both vertical and horizontal dimensions. Finally, by comparing and analyzing this method with the above research methods, it is found that the results obtained by this method which re-establishes the coordinate system based on the data set are more accurate. In addition, this method can effectively evaluate the operation of TPGU, which is of great significance for cleaner production while generating electricity. In conclusion, some suggestions on clean production of TPGU are put forward, and the innovation points and limitations of this paper are pointed out.
In a multi-state system with common bus performance sharing, the residual performance of any sub-unit can be shared to other sub-units with insufficient performance by the common bus with stochastic sharing capacity. This study extends the reliability evaluation model by considering both the minimum and maximum requirements of elements, which should not only meet the random minimum requirements of each single element, but also require that there should be no excess performance. The reliability of the multistate system (MSS) is estimated by using the Universal Generating Function (UGF) technique. Illustrative example is presented to illustrate the procedures. In addition, the genetic operator is used to obtain the optimal location of the components with maximum reliability.
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