Ecological land with considerable ecological value can be regarded as an important indicator in guaranteeing ecosystem function and sustainable development. Generally, the urbanization process has been considered to be the primary factor affecting ecological land use. However, the influence of agricultural development, particularly in a typical farming area, has rarely been studied. In this paper, we present a method to assess the ecological risk of ecological land (ELER) in a black soil area in northeastern China. Furthermore, the underlying factors were detected using the geographically weighted regression model, which took into account conditions of natural elements, the urbanization process, and grain production conditions. The results indicate that ecological land experienced remarkable changes with an evident loss and decline from 1996–2015. The ELER progressively increased in the concentrated farming area and the western agro-pastoral ecotone, and the ecological land in the eastern forest area was always at a high risk level. According to the regression coefficients, the relationships between influence factors and ELER could be better explained by the variables of elevation, slope, proportion of rural residential area, and ratio of cultivated land area to residential area. To summarize, agricultural occupation and urban expansion were verified as the two main causes of ecological land loss, as well as elevated risks. In light of the current situation, measures such as policy adjustment and ecological restoration should be taken to avoid risk and optimize land use.
Park green spaces serve as essential urban public recreation spaces and represent significant components of urban construction land. Investigating the quality of park green spaces is a vital requirement for the establishment of a high-quality urban living environment and the enhancement of land use efficiency. This study developed a quality evaluation index system for park green spaces in Shenyang, considering the constituent elements of recreational spaces. By categorizing 168 park spaces into four size grades and employing the entropy-TOPSIS method with multiple data sources, the research assessed and analyzed the generally quality of park green spaces in Shenyang. Additionally, the study analyzed factors limiting park green spaces and introduced the Recreational Quality Index (RQI) to represent the distribution of park green space resources within the study area. The results demonstrated that 46 low-quality park green spaces require urgent improvement, and the riverside area and the vicinity of the second ring road possess high-quality park green space resources. Barriers of the same scale in park green spaces exhibited similar characteristics. Park green spaces in Huanggu District were allocated recreational resources optimally. The analysis determined that system construction and deep cultural heritage are crucial factors. This study can offer a scientific basis and recommendations for the development of park green spaces and the enhancement of efficient urban land use.
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