Silver decahedra have been successfully synthesized with high yield via a photochemical reaction using blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as the exciting light source. The decahedra display distinct properties with respect to the ability of light scattering. The photochemical growth process of silver decahedra was monitored by both extinction and scattering spectral evolution. A suggested formation mechanism of silver decahedron is discussed.
Although
monovalent lithium has been successfully used as a coloring
ion in electrochromic applications, it still faces the challenges
of low safety, high cost, and limited reserves. Herein, we demonstrate
that the amorphous WO3 films intercalated with Al3+ ions could exhibit desired wide optical modulation (∼63.0%)
and high coloration efficiency (∼72.0 cm2 A–1, which is >100% higher than that with Li+ or Na+), benefiting from the three-electron redox properties
of aluminum. Due to the strong electrostatic force and large atomic
weight, the charge exchange processes for Al3+ ions are
limited only to the near-surface region and consequently bring about
enhanced electrochromic stability. Our findings provide in-depth insights
into the nature of electrochromism and also open up a new route toward scalable
electrochromic devices using sputtering techniques and earth-abundant
materials.
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