Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the nutritional status in infants based on infant feeding practices among rural and urban areas. Methods: An observational study was carried out in the Department of Paediatrics of a tertiary care hospital of New Delhi. The present study included a total of 1000 children, of which 500 were from rural and 500 from urban background over a period of 1 year. Information on breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices was recorded. Results: In this study, we found that early initiation of breastfeeding (within 1 h after birth) was significantly more common in urban area as compared to rural(71.8% vs. 54.2%; p=0.001). Significantly higher proportion of mothers in urban population (88.0%) was frequently breastfeeding their children than rural ones 76.0% (p=0.001). Practice of night feeding was same in both the groups. Practices of giving prelacteal feeding were significantly higher in rural than in urban area (50.2% vs. 18.4%; p=0.001). Children in whom complementary feeding was introduced beyond 6 months had significantly higher occurrence of malnutrition (68.6% vs. 55.4%; p=0.004). Type of complementary feed did not affect the occurrence of malnutrition. Conclusion: Exclusively, breastfed children below 6 months of age and children where complementary feeding is introduced timely at 6 months have lower incidence of malnutrition as compared to those given top feeding before 6 months and inappropriate complementary feeding beyond 6 months of age.
Maternal genital herpes is a sexually transmitted infection, asymptomatic in 70% of cases. Mostly infection is acquired during intrapartum period or postnatally through contact with mucocutaneous lesions. Primary neonatal herpetic infection outside the oral cavity is uncommon, but there are well-documented ocular cases, with or without associated oral lesions. A high index of clinical suspicion is the key for early antiviral treatment initiation and better outcome.
and Methods: Children with PEM grade I and II without any other pathological problem.The children admitted in the department. Results: In study group, majority of children had PEM grade III malnutrition while in control group, equal number of children had PEM grade I and grade II malnutrition. This table shows that majority of children in study group had lower level of serum protein levels as compared with control group, and there is progressive fall in its level as the severity of malnutrition increases. This table shows that majority of children in study group had lower level of serum albumin levels as compared with control group, and there is progressive fall in its level as the severity of malnutrition increases. Conclusion: The study concludes that estimation of serum T3, T4 and TSH levels in severely malnourished children admitted and co-relation with serum protein and serum albumin levels. To conclude, altered thyroid profile in PEM is perhaps a defense mechanism against excessive metabolic stimulation and energy consumption. The resultant hypometabolism protect the malnourished child with low calories reserve from an early death.
Shock as a manifestation of Plasmodium vivax infection is rarely reported. Four children aged 8 -12 years with severe vivax malaria presented with shock. Thrombocytopenia was detected in all cases. There were no bleed from any site. Diagnosis of P. vivax was made by blood smear and rapid diagnostic tests. All patients did not responded to initial fluid boluses and improved on steroid and anti malarial therapy being artesunate combination therapy.
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