No abstract

24The temporal and spatial resilience of abundance patterns of assemblages of organisms inhabiting transition 25 zones between Arctic and boreal regions is an issue of concern in relation to climate change. The recognition that

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Several marine animals prey extensively on jellyfish in spite of the low energy contents of this type of prey. Northern Fulmars Fulmarus glacialis observed in the Barents Sea feeding on medusae of lion’s mane jellies Cyanea capillata fed from the underside of the jellyfish, eagerly ingesting gonadal tissue as well as oral arms and tentacles, while the gelatinous tissue of the umbrella apparently was neglected by the birds. Gonads, arms and tentacles have about five times higher energetic contents than the tissue of the bell, approaching that of some species of fish. Aggressive defence of their prey and a continued feeding on jellyfish in the presence of discarded fish offal indicated jellyfish to be more than a second choice food for Northern Fulmars. The observations clearly showed that the Fulmars did not primarily feed on organisms associated with jellyfish. Their abundance and slow swimming make jellyfish an easily available prey. Scyphozoan cnidarians may be more important to pelagic seabirds than generally thought.

A small (36.5 cm) female walleye pollock Gadus chalcogrammus Pallas, 1814 was caught north of Spitsbergen in2011. The specimen had a high number of pyloric caeca (n=109), indicating a Pacific origin. The record is the firstevidence of a possible input to the small Atlantic population of walleye pollock from the large populations on thePacific side.