This document investigated the factors that influenced the adolescents’ early marriages. This was a cross-sectional study. Married women (n = 871), aged 15-49 years were selected from the records of primary health centers in Mardin, a multicultural city in southeastern Turkey. We compared the demographic and fertility data and the outcomes of first pregnancies of women during the adolescence. Analysis revealed that 56.1% of the women married when they are younger than 19 years old, and their mean age at first marriage was 16.11 ± 1.49 years (min: 11 years). A number of social factors influenced the adolescent marriages; these were: rural origin, women’s illiteracy, father’s illiteracy, and the prevalent language used at home. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk for adolescent marriage was 1.79 (1.19-2.71) for rural origin women, 3.71 (2.16-6.38) for women with illiterate fathers, and 3.17 (2.17-4.64) for women that spoke Kurdish at home. Consanguineous marriages and marriages without a woman’s consent were also higher in the adolescent married group. Adolescent marriages for women had higher rates of fertility, stillbirth, and child mortality. The study concluded that not only the education level of women, also the men was an important determinant of adolescent marriage. There were many social factors that influenced the occurrence of adolescent marriages and it was an important factor influencing both mother and child mortality.
Neonatal tetanus is an important health problem with an estimated 500,000 deaths per year worldwide, particularly in developing countries. We analysed 56 cases of neonatal tetanus (NNT), retrospectively, who were admitted to Diyarbakir Children State Hospital between 1994 and 2001. In 1998 an intervention in a childcare intensive unit was conducted, which included a nurse education programme, increasing the number of nurses and other health staff, and more qualified management of cases. The mean age of patients was 7.9 days at admission, and the male:female ratio was 1:6. Eleven per cent of the cases had body weight under 2500 g. The mean hospitalization period was 9.9 days. All patients were born at home without medical help and 28.6 per cent were from urban areas. The case fatality rate that was formerly 88.5 per cent, decreased to 53.6 per cent by the intervention conducted in 1998. Based on our findings, we can say that improved hospitalization conditions and intensive care may reduce mortality. Enforcing preventive policies both in rural and urban areas is of great importance in the least developed regions.
Sigara kullanımı dünyada ve Türkiye"de önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. Sigara bağımlılığı ile etkin mücadelede sağlık profesyonellerine önemli görevler düşmektedir. Sigaraya başlama yaşının, başlama nedenlerinin, çocuklarda ve gençlerde içme oranlarının saptanması önemlidir. Bu araştırma, Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi Sağlık Yüksekokulu hemşirelik bölümü öğrencilerinin sigara içme düzeyleri ve etkileyen faktörleri belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma kesitseldir. Araştırmanın evrenini Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi Sağlık Yüksekokulu öğrencileridir (377 kişi) 30 Kasım 2015-16 Aralık 2015 tarihleri arasında sınıfta bulunan ve araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden toplam 309 öğrenciye 2 bölümden (sosyo-demografik özellikler ve sigara kullanımına ilişkin sorular) oluşan bir anket uygulanmıştır. Veriler paket programında değerlendirilmiş ve verilerin analizinde sıklık, ortalama, ki-kare kullanılmıştır, p<0.05 anlamlı kabul edilmiştir. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin %34.3" ü sigara içmektedir. Öğrencilerin baba eğitim düzeyi ve cinsiyetleri ile öğrencilerin sigara içme durumu arasında istatistiksel anlamlılık tespit edilmiştir (p<0.05). Öğrencilerin sigara içme durumlarıyla annelerinin, büyük kız kardeşlerinin ve yakın arkadaşlarının sigara alışkanlığı arasında istatistiksel anlamlılık mevcuttur. Öğrencilerin ders durumlarının iyiden kötüye doğru değişim trendinde sigara içme oranlarının arttığı görülmektedir (p<0.05). Öğrencilerin sigaraya başlama nedenleri arasında ilk sırada %31.1 ile keyif ve zevk için sebebi yer almaktadır. Sigara içen öğrencilerin %64.1"i sigarayı 18 yaşın altında denediğini ve sigara içen öğrencilerin %26.4"ü arkadaşlarına özendiğini ifade etmiştir. Sonuç: Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin sigara içme durumlarıyla annelerinin, büyük kız kardeşlerinin ve yakın arkadaşlarının sigara alışkanlığı, baba eğitim düzeyi, cinsiyetleri, ders durumlarının iyiden kötüye doğru değişimi, yakın arkadaşlarının sigara içme alışkanlığı arasında istatistiksel anlamlılık tespit edilmiştir.
Objectives: Previous studies have shown that the majority of Medicare patients with HCV are under age 65. This study examines how patient characteristics and cost differ between Medicare patient age groups. MethOds: An analysis of HCV patients was conducted using the 2010-2011 Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Parts A and B fee-for-service claims. Patients with an HCV ICD-9 code and 6 months of follow-up were included. Patient characteristics, resource utilization and 6-month costs were compared between patients age< 65 and age≥ 65. The impact of age on medical costs adjusting for demographics, reason for entitlement(OREC), Medicaid status, and overall health status (measured by CCI) was assessed using generalized linear models fit with a gamma distribution and log link function. Results: 16,417 HCV patients with complete data were identified. Patients under 65 (n= 11,286) were more likely to have an OREC of disability (89%), while patients 65+ OREC was primarily due to old age and survivors insurance (80%). ESRD accounted for 8.8% of patients age< 65 and 1.7% aged 65+. Medicaid dualeligibility was twice as common among younger patients (38.0% vs. 66.8%, p< 0.01). Younger patients had a higher prevalence of alcoholism (35.6% vs. 30.6%, p< 0.01) and drug abuse (43.3% vs. 12.2%, p< 0.01), comorbidities that are also risk factors for HCV. Yet overall health, as measured by CCI, was higher for younger patients (1.82 vs. 2.51, p< 0.01). Younger patients had more hospitalizations (0.48 vs 0.33, p< 0.01) and emergency department visits (2.04 vs. 1.77, p< 0.01). 6-month medical costs for patients age< 65 were $1,285 higher than those 65+ (p= 0.01). After adjusting for OREC, HCV-related comorbidities, CCI, demographics and Medicaid status, age was no longer associated with cost. cOnclusiOns: Medicare HCV patients under 65 are more expensive to treat. However, this appears to be due to higher rates of disability, ESRD and comorbidities, rather than age itself. PGI9cost of Illness (coI) assocIated wIth GastroIntestInal and lIver dIsease: a study conducted at an IndIan terItary care hosPItal
Aim: At the aim of this study was to determine the tetanus seroprevalence among pregnant women and childbearing aged woman living in the Ben-u Sen Health Center region that is in lower socio-economical level. Materials and methods: In this descriptive study, a team including the staff of health center and several volunteers visited the houses of pregnant women living in the health center coverage region and questionnaires were completed through face to face interviews. The study group included 214 pregnant women. Among them, serum samples of 197 subjects’ were studied for anti-toxic antibody for tetanus. For control, serum samples from 200 women living in the same health center region were collected. It was evaluated as partially protective, protective and longterm protection when tetanus antibody level was 0,01-<0,1 IU/ml, 0,1-<1.0 IU/ml and 1,0 IU/ml and over, respectively. Results: The mean age of the women was 26,4, mean marriage and first pregnancy ages were 17,9 and 18,9, respectively, and 40% of the subjects had never been examined or received follow up by a health center. It was revealed that 25.8% of the subjects were not protected and 74.2% had a full protection level of antibody. Within the control group, the same levels of antibodies were detected in 40.0% and 60.0% of the women, respectively. Conclusion: The study indicates that the immunity levels against tetanus are not satisfactory and every childbearing aged woman should be included in a vaccination program whenever they receive any examination in a health center. [TAF Prev Med Bull 2011; 10(4.000): 481-486
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