The objective of this work was to present the results of a comprehensive hygienic assessment of the occupational hazards in the ferroalloy production of a metallurgical plant. For the purpose of evaluating occupational hazards, we used data on the injury potential and occupational agents involved in working conditions, safety indicators for production facilities, occupational diseases, and the provision of workers with personal protective equipment. The assessment of occupational hazards demonstrated that for each of the occupations studied the occupational risk is equal to level 3, which means an average degree of risk. As a result of the research, the working conditions of the main occupational groups of the ferroalloy facility were evaluated as hazardous and injurious 3rd class of the 1st grade. After the intervention, it appeared that the workers were exposed to hazardous occupational noise. Acoustic equivalent levels at working places of the charge smelter, a crane operator, a senior melting operator, a furnace operator ranged from 85 to 87 dBA, which exceeds the maximum permissible level by 5-7 dB. Mathematical data processing showed that the distribution of noise in the working areas obeys a polynomial dependence. This paper provides recommendations on the implementation of a risk-oriented approach to the provision of personal protective equipment.
A powerful force in the development of modern society is the intensive global spread of information and communication technologies that help to collect, store, analyze and distribute information.Today, there is a clear need for a broadapplications of computer technologies in various fields human activities, and in particular in the protection of the environment. The most important areas are geographic information systems and associated modeling of natural resources, technological processes, as well as data preparation, processing and analyze systems. Currently, the rapid development of computer technology, the introduction of modern computer technologies opens up wide opportunities to achieve a qualitative leap in the level of efficiency of information and control systems in aerospace engineering, manufacturing, transport, economy, ecology, medicine and other areas based on the use of artificial intelligence principles, methods of self-organization and adaptation to changing conditions and goals of functioning, characteristics of the system and the external environment, uncontrolled environment.
This article presents the results of studies of a low-waste technology for processing enrichment tailings using a combined enrichment–hydrometallurgical method. After washing the enrichment tailings from harmful products and reducing their size, multi-stage flotation of the crushed material of the enrichment tailings was carried out. The use of a new reagent in the flotation process was studied in order to ensure the maximum recovery of the main valuable components from the enrichment tailings. A new collector of Aero 7249 (Shenyang Florrea Chemicals Co., Ltd., Shenyang, China) type was used for the flotation. The recovery of valuable components was as follows: Cu, 6.78%; Zn, 91.69%; Pb, 80.81%; Au, 95.90%; Ag, 82.50%; Fe, 78.78%. Tailings of the flotation were re-enriched using a fatty acid collector (sodium oleate). Additional (reverse) flotation resulted in obtaining a product corresponding to the composition of building sand in terms of the content of valuable components of the waste rock. The studies of the conditions for processing the enrichment tailings of lead–zinc ore indicate the possibility of its optimization in order to maximize the involvement of waste in the production.
This work is devoted to mine wastewater purification from metal ions, such as copper, zinc, lead, cadmium, iron, and manganese. The rationale was provided for the possibility to purify the wastewater from metal ions with nonactivated and ultra-dispersed natural sorbents. The adsorption capacity of bentonite clay from Tagan deposit and shungite from Koksui deposit of the Republic of Kazakhstan was studied on the basis of its fraction composition. It was found that the most effective method of sorbents modification was mechanical activation. The comparative studies of metal ions adsorption efficiency were carried out with mechanically activated and ultra-dispersed bentonite clay and shungite. The experiment enabled to find out that ultra-dispersed bentonite clay is prospective for use in order to deeply purify multicomponent mine wastewater. The highest degree of metal ions extraction was achieved due to 30-minutes contact of wastewater.
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