Following the financial crisis of 2008, more attention is paid to access to finance for young knowledge-based firms. A study conducted before the crisis showed that it was more difficult for knowledge-based firms to gain access to finance. However, none of the studies considered the differential effect of the crisis on young knowledge-based firms. This document examines this gap using the data set of 1155 firms in Kazakhstan for various sectors of the economy. The analysis was carried out in the context of the years before the crisis of 2002-2005 and after the crisis, when the economy significantly stabilized for 2014-2017. We believe that young knowledge-based firms are more likely to be rejected for financing than other firms, and this has significantly worsened in the post-crisis period. However, regressions that control a variety of characteristic characteristics show that the deterioration in the general conditions for financing. The results show that there are two questions in the financial system. The first is a structural problem that restricts access to finance for young knowledgebased firms. Secondly, the cyclical problem was caused by the financial crisis and significantly affected the young knowledge-based firms of various sectors of the economy.
The research is caused, firstly, by the need to specify the definition of financial and credit institutions as subjects of the banking sector of Kazakhstan, analyze and evaluate existing approaches to managing their stability in the strategic aspect and identify factors (possible threats and dangers) that lead to loss of financial stability, and, secondly, by the need to develop a mechanism for managing the financial profitability of financial and credit institutions, ensuring their stable position both in the short and long term. To improve the quality of financial management and ensure the profitability of financial and credit institutions, it is necessary to justify and develop a strategy for managing their financial stability. At the same time, it should be borne in mind that even with high efficiency and profitability, insufficient attention to the issues of ensuring the stability and economic security of financial and credit institutions can lead to financial difficulties for them. Taking into account the problems discussed above, the relevance of issues related to improving the stability mechanism of financial and credit institutions has significantly increased, as has the need to find a new methodological apparatus aimed at adapting and studying foreign experience and its practical implementation in the domestic banking system.
One of the most important socio-economic tasks of a society is to create decent living conditions for its citizens, primarily by satisfying a person's urgent need for food according to rational nutritional standards, in order to maintain public health and regulate demographic processes in the country, as well as create conditions for the reproduction of future generations.The problem of ensuring food security of the population and food independence of the state is multilevel and multidimensional in itself. This problem affects the whole range of socio-economic aspects, as well as many other points -which determines the relevance of the problem.The basis of ensuring food security of the population and food independence of the state is the developed food economic system of the country.The level of providing the population with basic domestic food products depends on its actual condition, effective use and building up of its production and economic potential. The imported food consumed directly affects the food dependence of the state; moreover, an increase in imports negatively affects the state of the country's food economic system, restraining its development.Achieving a decent level of nutrition according to rational standards, high-quality and safe food products by all sectors of the population is the basis of the vital activity of Kazakhstan citizens citizens and is a process of implementing urgent and urgent tasks, the solution of which depends on the real participation of the entire vertical of the executive and legislative branches, business, the scientific community and society as a whole.The need for a sociological approach is caused by the interdependence of the social component of providing the population with food and the real need for the development of the food economic system of Kazakhstan.
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