Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) is one of the most important viral diseases of alfalfa plant among the forage crop, causing significant annual economic losses. The agent is also of potential importance to other cultivars such as tomatoes, potatoes, and peppers in most cases. The identification and phylogenetic relationships of AMV were carried out by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), following by bacterial cloning. The cDNA of alfalfa samples (12) were subjected to RT-PCR tests using primer pairs, specific for the capsid protein gene (CP) of AMV, resulting in a DNA fragment of approximately 700 bp as expected. The amplicons were directly cloned and then resulting sequences were deposited in GenBank (Acc. No: MW962977, MW962976). The BLASTn analysis of both sequences demonstrated that AMV virus isolates from alfalfa were highly similar to other AMV isolates from various crops in the world, with nucleotide identity ranging from 97 to 99.37%. The results of phylogenetic dendrogram based on CP gene sequences clearly suggested that our isolates are closely related to four AMV isolates from alfalfa in Turkey. To our knowledge, this study is the first report of molecular phylogeny and AMV presence in alfalfa exhibiting yellowing, mottling, and leaves abnormalities in Bingöl province, Turkey.
IntroductionApple (Malus domestica Borkh.), one of the most widely grown fruit crops worldwide, is a sensitive host to the infection of Apple mosaic virus (ApMV), which is an economically important and common pathogen in commercial apple cultivars (Campbell 1963;Posnette et al. 1963). The virus has no vector and is not pollen-or seedborne (Rybicki 1995).ApMV is a member of subgroup III of the Ilarvirus group (family Bromoviridae) with a positive-sense tripartite RNA genome. RNA3 codes for the movement protein and the capsid protein (CP) (Francki et al. 1991). It occurs as isometric or quasi-isometric labile particles and often produces ringspot and mosaic symptoms on hosts (DeSequeira 1967). ApMV is present worldwide, preferentially on woody hosts such as blackberry, raspberry, apple, apricot, cherry, almond, plum, peach, hazelnut, roses, and hop (Brunt et al. 1996). ApMV has also been reported in mountain ash (Sorbus aucuparia), silver birch (Betula pendula), horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum), and red horse chestnut (A. × carnea) (Polak et al. 1997). The virus does not occur in seedling rootstocks and is not pollen-borne. In a recent study, ApMV was found to infect the weeds naturally (Arlı Sökmen et al. 2005). In Turkey, the molecular detection of ApMV was performed for the first time by Ulubaş and Ertunç (2003). The coat protein gene of ilarviruses is translated from RNA4, a subgenomic messenger derived from the bicistronic RNA3. The coat protein of ilarviruses forms the shell for the 3 genome components. It also plays a major role in initiation and propagation of infection (Bol 1999;Petrzik and Lenz 2002). The virus is on the quarantine list of the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization.Since no information was available on genetic variability and the incidence of ApMV in East Anatolia, these issues were addressed in the present study. To determine optimal conditions for dot-blot hybridization, 3 different RNA
Potato virus S (PVS) is one of the common viruses worldwide and usually produces moderate symptoms in potato plants. The interactions of viral proteins with their hosts are very important in establishing a successful infection and ensuring systemic spread. In this study, the interaction between the PVS coat protein (CP) and the PSH-RGH6 protein in the defense system encoded by the potato plant was investigated using homology modeling and protein-protein docking approach. The CP gene of the PVS-Bitlis isolate was amplified by RT-PCR using gene-specific primers. The gene of interest was cloned into the pGEM-T Easy vector and the plasmid carrying the PVS-Bitlis CP gene was sequenced. By using the amino subsequence of the obtained sequence, I-TASSER program created a protein model based on homology. For the PSH-RGH6 protein, a model of the protein was created using the Swiss-model program. The interaction among both proteins was investigated with the AutoDock approach in Chimera 1.15 program. According to the docking results, the existence of interaction between PVS-Bitlis CP and PSH-RGH6 proteins has been determined and this interaction needs to be confirmed with further analysis.
Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the group/subgroup of phytoplasma agent in peppers showing phytoplasma symptoms. Material and Methods: In this study, plants collected from Iğdır province in 2020 were analyzed using direct and nested PCR tests, and BLASTn, iphyClassifier, Mega 7, and pDRAW32 programs were used. Results: In the tests performed, approximately 1.2 kb of DNA fragments specific to phytoplasma were obtained. The 16S rRNA nucleotide sequence (1254 bp in length) (OM663745) revealed that it was showed more than 99.44% nucleotide similarity to other ‘Ca. P. trifolii’ members. The tentative RFLP and phylogenetic analyzes performed proved the ‘Ca. P. trifolii’ the infection from the Clover proliferation group (16SrVI) group and subgroup A in symptomatic pepper plants. Conclusion: The presence of ‘Ca. P. trifolii’ in naturally infected peppers in Iğdır province of Turkey was detected using PCR-RFLP and cladistic analysis.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.