Background. Cervical cancer is one of the most preventable malignancies in females. However, there is an increasing trend of disease incidence mainly due to the low specificity of routine screening tests. Aim. To assess the diagnostic value of standard tests for the diagnosis of cervix disorders based on the Digene test. Materials and methods. The obtained data were processed using the Statistica software package. Due to the unique features of specimens obtained, non-parametric methods were used for small samples with extreme data variability and possible artifacts. These methods do not require an assumption of "normality" of distribution. KruskalWallis rank analysis of variance and MannWhitney test for comparison of individual samples were used to estimate the relationship between the studied parameter and controlled factors. Median (Me) and quartiles (Q1 and Q3) were used in describing the results. Results. The study found a low performance of colposcopy and cytology and a higher performance of status assessment for human papillomavirus. Conclusion. Our findings indicate that viral load measurement is only sometimes informative. This test can be used as a stage 2 screening; additional data are needed for further patient management. Digene test helps to determine the risk group for a follow-up study.
BACKGROUND: Malignant neoplasms (MNs) have been the most urgent problem in medicine worldwide for more than a decade. The steady increase in morbidity and mortality from oncological diseases has led to socio-demographic problems and high economic costs. AIM: This study aimed to assess the incidence and mortality of cervical cancer (CC) in the Republic of Bashkortostan over a 6-year period. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted from 2015 to 2020 according to the reporting form Information on malignant neoplasms. The data were evaluated based on the analysis of statistical data on morbidity and mortality from MNs in the Republic of Bashkortostan and the Russian Federation. Cartography was conducted using the R software, ggplot2 package. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistica 10 program. Standardized indicators were used to analyze morbidity and mortality. RESULTS: In the Russian Federation, 299,967 newly diagnosed MN cases in women were recorded in 2020. The most significant cause of oncological morbidity in women is MNs of the reproductive system (38.8%), where tumors of the genital organs account for 17.6% of all MNs in women. The standardized incidence rate of cervical cancer in 2020 was 13.67 per 100,000 population in the Russian Federation, and 10.9 per 100,000 population in the Republic of Bashkortostan. CONCLUSIONS: The process of CC development is quite long, and it should be diagnosed and treated at the dysplastic stage. The necessity of introducing HPV testing into widespread practice for the rapid screening of CC is obvious. Moreover, the primary prevention of CC by vaccination against the human papillomavirus of high carcinogenic risk is also important.
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