ÖzMalvaceae familyasının üyelerinden biri olan Alcea cinsi tıbbi öneme sahip bazı türleri içermektedir. Alcea kurdica Alef. (Deve gülü Hatmi) tonsilite, gastrik ülsere, zatürreye, boşaltım sistemi enfeksiyonlarına ve saç kırana karşı kullanılan tıbbi bir bitkidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, deve gülü hatmi bitkisi için steril şartlar altında etkili bir çimlendirme yönteminin geliştirilmesi ve bu bitkinin doku kültürü çalışmalarında kullanılabilir hale getirilmesidir. Bu amaç için, steril bir ajan olan sodyum hipokloritin üç farklı konsantrasyonu (%5, %7.5 ve %10), 42°C sıcaklıkta inkübasyonu ve tohum kabuğunun bistüri ile çentiklenmesi uygulamaları test edilmiştir. %5 ve %7.5 sodyum hipoklorit konsantrasyonlarının sterilizasyon için yeterli olmadığı belirlenirken, %10 sodyum hipoklorit konsantrasyonun ise yeterli olduğu gözlenmiştir. Çimlenme oranları sonuçlarına göre, kabuğu çentiklenen tohumlar hızlıca çimlenirken, 42°C de inkübasyonun çimlenmeyi etkilemediği gözlenmiştir. Yedinci günde, kotiledon, kotiledon sapı ve hipokotil dokuları doku kültürü için kullanılabilir duruma gelmiştir. Sekizinci günde, yapraklar oluşmaya başlamıştır. Yaprak, yaprak sapı ve sürgün ucu eksplantları ise otuzuncu günde doku kültüründe kullanılabilecek duruma gelmiştir. Sonuç olarak, bu çalışma ile tıbbi öneme sahip deve gülü hatmi için etkili bir çimlendirme yöntemi geliştirilmiştir.
Toxocara vitulorum is a pathogenic gastrointestinal nematode found in cattle and buffaloes all over the world, especially in tropical and subtropical regions with humid climates. Buffalo farming is a sector whose value has increased in recent years in Turkey and is intensively performed to obtain various products such as milk, cream, meat, and horns. This study aims to determine the prevalence of T. vitulorum in Anatolian Water Buffaloes in Diyarbakır. Fresh stool samples from animals were placed in individual stool containers. The sex and age of the animal were recorded for each sample collected. The samples were evaluated under the light microscope after the application of the Fulleborn saturated salt solution method and under Scanning Electron Microscope. Positivity was detected in 5 (3.01%) of the 166 samples. Regarding prevalence by age groups, T. vitulorum was detected in 10% of the 0-6 month group, 4.17% of the 6-12 month group, and 0.89% of the older than 12 months group. The prevalence by sex was determined as 3.85% for females and as 1.61% for males. To determine the epidemiology of the disease in the region, it was concluded that larger herds should be studied and serological and molecular methods should be used to confirm and support the findings of microscopic methods.
Alcea kurdica Alef. (AK) a hollyhock has been used in folk medicine to treat various diseases. Though its extensive utilization in traditional medicine, experimental studies regarding to its phytochemical composition is limited. The aim of this study was to determine the antioxidant capacity and phenolic composition of ethanol extract of AK plant collected from the natural environment in different vegetation periods (June-flowering, July-fruiting, August-seeding) and to control its antioxidant capacity and phenolic composition by in vitro shoot tip culture. AK plant at the flowering period had the highest antioxidant capacity, while the lowest activity was determined at the seeding period according to results. Phenolic acids dominated by gallic, chlorogenic and caffeic acids were determined as the major phenolics. According to in vitro results, the use of 1-naphthylacetic acid (NAA) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) alone caused significant decrease in the three phenolic acids content compared to the control. On the other hand, combination of NAA and BA caused significant increase in phenolic acids content compared to the control. Moreover, significant increase in ORAC was observed in AK extract obtained from in vitro Murashige & Skoog (MS) media culture supplemented with NAA and BA combination. 15 min of UV exposure negatively affected the antioxidant capacity and phenolic content. RezumatAlcea kurdica Alef. (AK) a fost folosită în medicina populară pentru a trata diverse boli. Deși este utilizată pe scară largă, studiile experimentale privind compoziția sa fitochimică sunt limitate. Scopul acestui studiu a fost evaluarea caracterului antioxidant și compoziția în polifenoli a extractului etanolic din planta AK colectată din mediul natural în diferite perioade de vegetație (iunie-flori, iulie-fructe, august-semințe), precum și de a modula capacitatea antioxidantă și concentrația polifenolilor prin cultivarea in vitro a vârfurilor de lăstari. Planta AK în perioada de înflorire a avut cea mai mare capacitate antioxidantă, în timp ce cea mai redusă activitate a fost determinată în perioada de însămânțare. Acizii galic, clorogenic și cafeic au fost determinați ca polifenoli principali. Conform rezultatelor in vitro, expunerea la acid 1-naftilacetic (ANA) și la 6benzilaminopurina (BA) a provocat o scădere semnificativă a conținutului celor trei acizi fenolici, în comparație cu martorul. Pe de altă parte, combinația dintre ANA și BA a determinat o creștere semnificativă a conținutului de acizi fenolici în comparație cu martorul. 15 min de expunere la UV au afectat negativ capacitatea antioxidantă și conținutul de fenoli.
Objective: Rosa canina L., Malus domestica L., Prunus persica L Siebold & Zucc., Cydonia oblonga Mill., Armenica vulgaris Lam., and Pyracantha coccinea M.Roem. are important fruits of the Rosaceae family, used in a wide variety of industries such as food, perfume, cosmetics, paint, beverage, and for economic and medical purposes. Although medicinal plants act with their natural components against diseases, they can cause toxic and unde-sirable side effects. It is important in terms of human health and food safety to examine plants for their heavy metal, mineral, protein and antioxidant capacities before they are used for treatment, food or cosmetic purposes. The heavy metals (Al, Cr, Cu, Co, Zn), minerals (Fe, Mg, Na, Ca, K), protein and antioxidant capacities of some medicinal plants grown in Van-Turkey were determined and their safety in terms of food and in medical uses were evaluated. Material and Method: After the lyophilized plants were solubilized with a wet burning (microwave) device, Al, Cr, Cu, Co, Zn, Fe, Mg, Na, Ca, K elements were analyzed in the ICPOES device. Protein analyzes were per-formed by the Gerthardt Dumatherm method. Cuprac method was used for antioxidant capacity analysis. Results: The measured values were ranged between (in mg kg−1) Al 10.753-20.407, Co 0.007-9.664, Cr 0.119-0.411, Cu 2.409-6.554, Zn 23.426-33.891, Ca 743.0-2501.7, Fe 31.7-117.6, K 3555.2-4202.9, Mg 498.7-1982.9, Na 839.8-1616.0 and Protein (%) 1.45-5.53. Detected heavy metal amounts are in general within acceptable limits determined by WHO (World Health Organization). While the Cuprac values of the plants ranged between 1.13 and 3.62, the Cuprac values for the standard synthetic antioxidants α-tocopherol and BHT were determined as 2.14 and 3.21 µmol TE g−1DW, respectively. In particular, it was determined that Rosa canina extracts showed high activity (3.62 µmol TE g−1DW) comparable to α-tocopherol and BHT. Conclusion: : For centuries, human beings have benefited from plants in the treatment of diseases. Due to the severe side effects of synthetic drugs, people in the modern world also turn to medicinal plants for the treatment of many diseases. However, conscious consumption of medicinal plants by examining them especially in terms of heavy metal amounts will prevent serious health problems in the long run. The study showed that the heavy metal amounts of some plants belonging to the Rosaceae family, which are cultured, used for therapeutic pur-poses and consumed as fruit by the people of Van, are safe for human consumption and medical uses, and their micronutrient, protein and antioxidant capacities are at the desired level for healthy nutrition and therapeutic uses.
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