Crown rot and head blight of wheat are caused by the same Fusarium species. To better understand their biology, this study has compared 30 isolates of the three dominant species using 13 pathogenic and saprophytic fitness measures including aggressiveness for the two diseases, saprophytic growth and fecundity and deoxynivalenol (DON) production from saprophytic colonization of grain and straw. Pathogenic fitness was generally linked to DON production in infected tissue. The superior crown rot fitness of Fusarium pseudograminearum was linked to high DON production in the stem base tissue, while Fusarium culmorum and Fusarium graminearum had superior head blight fitness with high DON production in grains. Within each species, some isolates had similar aggressiveness for both diseases but differed in DON production in infected tissue to indicate that more than one mechanism controlled aggressiveness. All three species produced more DON when infecting living host tissue compared with saprophytic colonization of grain or straw, but there were significant links between these saprophytic fitness components and aggressiveness. As necrotrophic pathogens spend a part of their life cycle on dead organic matter, saprophytic fitness is an important component of their overall fitness. Any management strategy must target weaknesses in both pathogenic fitness and saprophytic fitness.
Soilborne pathogens associated with cereals cause significant yield losses throughout the world. Among soilborne pathogens Heterodera filipjevi and Fusarium culmorum are two main destructive causal agents that attack the roots and crowns of cereals and have been reported as the most prevalent species in Türkiye. A total of 245 Turkish cereal varieties consisting of wheat, oat, triticale and rye which were registered between 1931 to 2013; were tested for their resistance to Fusarium culmorum and Heterodera filipjevi. The varieties were screened under controlled and/or field conditions for two successive growing seasons. The bread wheat ‘Murat-1’ was the most resistant variety for both pathogens. The durum wheats ‘Yelken 2000’ and ‘Yılmaz 98’ were found the most promising varieties for resistance to F. culmorum and H. filipjevi, respectively. The triticale ‘Umranhanim’ ranked moderately resistant at adult plant stage while ‘Presto’ and ‘Melez 2001’ were ranked moderately resistant at seedling stage for Fusarium culmorum. The findings of this study are important for the global wheat breeding programs as those genotypes are still being used in crosses for new genotype development.
Fusarium pseudograminearum is one of the most damaging Fusarium species that causes root, crown, and foot rots in wheat. Identification of resistant germplasm is one of the most efficient and environmentally sound control methods. However, up to date, limited wheat genotypes with partial resistance are available. Therefore, in this study, the seedling resistance reaction of 200 bread wheat genotypes plus 6 control genotypes obtained from CIMMYT to Fusarium pseudograminearum was determined under growth room conditions. Out of the 200 tested genotypes; 1 (0.5%), 35 (17.5%), 112 (56%), 45 (22.5%), and 7 (3.5%) were resistant, moderately resistant, moderately susceptible, susceptible and very susceptible to Fusarium pseudograminearum, respectively. Resistant and moderately resistant genotypes could be used in breeding studies for developing crown rot-resistant cultivars.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.