Objective Hypercytokines cause acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in COVID‐19 patients, which is the main reason for ICU treatment and the leading cause of death in COVID‐19 patients. Cytokine storm is a critical factor in the development of ARDS. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of Oxiris filter in the treatment of COVID‐19 patients. Materials and Methods Five patients with COVID‐19 who received CRRT in Henan provincial people's hospital between January 23, 2019, and March 28, 2020, were enrolled in this study. Heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), oxygenation index (PaO 2 /FiO 2 ), renal function, C‐reactive protein (CRP), cytokines, procalcitonin (PCT), acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ), sequential organ failure score (SOFA) and prognosis were compared after CRRT. Results Five COVID‐19 patients, 3 males and 2 females, aged (70.2±19.6) years, were enrolled. After treatment, HR (101.4±14.08 vs 83.8±6.22 bpm/min), CRP (183±25.21 vs 93.78±70.81 mg/L), IL‐6 (3234.49 (713.51,16038.36) vs 181.29 (82.24,521.39) pg/ml), IL‐8 (154.86 (63.97,1476.1) vs 67.19 (27.84,85.57) pg/ml), and IL‐10 (17.43 (9.14,41.22) vs 4.97 (2.39, 8.70) pg/ml), APACHE Ⅱ (29±4.92 vs. 18.4±2.07), SOFA (17.2±1.92 vs. 11.2±3.4) significantly decreased (p < 0.05), while MAP (75.8±4.92 vs. 85.8±6.18 mmHg), PaO 2 /FiO 2 (101.2±7.49 vs. 132.6±26.15 mmHg) significantly increased (p < 0.05). Among the 5 patients, negative conversion of nucleic acid test was found in 3 cases, while 2 cases died. No adverse events occurred during the treatment. Conclusion Our study observed a reduced level of overexpressed cytokines, stabilization of hemodynamic status, and staged improvement of organ function during the treatment with Oxiris filter.

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ARA290 protects against early renal allograft injury in rats by reducing macrophage infiltration, improving renal morphology, inhibiting mRNA expression of inflammatory mediators, and weakening the binding affinity of NF-κB to DNA.

Background Whether ligation of the dorsal branch of the cephalic vein during the surgical establishment of the radiocephalic arteriovenous fistula (RCAVF) favorably or adversely affects the patency rate of the RCAVF remains controversial. We performed a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effect of dorsal branch ligation on the patency rate of RCAVF. Methods A total of 115 patients who underwent surgical establishment were randomized to two groups treated with or without ligation of the dorsal branch of the cephalic vein during the surgical process. The primary patency rates of the RCAVF at 90, 270, and 360 days after the surgery and the secondary patency rates during a follow-up up to 1 year were compared. Results The patency rate did not differ significantly between the two groups at 3, 9, or 12 months after the procedure (P > 0.05). The combined primary patency rates of the RCAVF in patients from both groups at 3, 9 and 12 months after the procedure were 87.6, 82, and 74.5% respectively, while the combined secondary patency rate was 92.2% at the 1-year follow-up. The Log-rank test indicated that the initial patency rate and secondary patency rate did not differ significantly between the two groups (P = 0.674 and 0.759, respectively). Conclusion This clinical study indicated that ligation of the dorsal branch of the cephalic vein does not significantly affect the patency of the arteriovenous fistula with a 1-year follow-up. Trial registration ISRCTN ISRCTN12288675, Registered 25 September 2019 in the ISRCTN registry. retrospectively registered.