Arsenic (As) pollution, a potential threat for human health, in vegetables is one of the primary sources of As intake by the human body. In the Pot Experiment, the As content, physiological index and antioxidant enzyme activity of radish were determined. The results demonstrated that the order of As concentration in radish tissues was roots > stems > leaves. Organic selenium (Se) can inhibit the absorption of arsenic in radish more effectively than inorganic Se. The application of organic Se and low concentration of selenite (Se(IV)) significantly enhanced the stress resistance of radish for increasing superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activity, increasing soluble protein, chlorophyll and proline content, and reducing malondialdehyde content. In contrast, the high concentration of Se(IV) and selenate (Se(VI)) treatment group demonstrated stress and toxicological effects on radish. This study provides an idea for further research on the remediation mechanism of Se to As toxicity and provides a reference for the adoption of Se fertilizer in agriculture.
In this study, gold nanoplates were synthesized using plant molecules (gallic acid) following a kinetic control mode. The growth of nanoplates is mainly due to the specific adsorption of capping agents on certain crystal facets. Through systematical characterizations, it is found that the distance between two oxygen atoms in ortho carbonyl compounds matches well with the lattice spacing of gold (111) facets exactly, which is beneficial to the formation of twin seeds and further the growth of plate-like gold nanoparticles. The gold nanoplates on glassy carbon electrode show a remarkably improved electrochemical sensing activity of lead ions compared to the bare glassy carbon electrode or spherical gold nanoparticle-modified electrode. The modified electrode is expected to be used in the detection of lead ion concentration in heavy metal wastewater.
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