Prehistory of the Central Main Ethiopian Rift (Ziway-Shala basin) : Establishing the Late Stone Age sequence in Eastern Africa Supported by the CFEE, ARCCH, MAEE, INRAP and the laboratory TRACES, this project, " Late Stone Age sequence in Ethiopia", is devoted to the collection of new data on the late prehistory of the Horn of Africa. To answer to this objective, several fieldwork seasons have been carried out since 2007 in the area of lakes Ziway, Langano and Abijata, located in the central part of the Main Ethiopian Rift Valley. Over the course of this project, we have intensively explored different geological contexts, and in particular the fluvio-lacustrine plain of the Bulbula river and the impact of volcanic eruption on the landscape and on human acquisition strategies. This area provides an ideal terrain for the study of prehistoric human/ environment relationships in the context of a shifting natural environment (lake fluctuations / volcanic activity). This collaborative program, developed in a region with a uniquely rich and well preserved sedimentary and archaeological record, has supplemented new data establishing the geomorphological and geological setting, with a stratigraphic sequence in which several new archaeological sites have been discovered and studied. Most notable are several sites dating to around 30,000 BP, a period previously poorly documented in Ethiopian Prehistory, and several sites dating to the transition between the Pleistocene and Holocene periods (between 12,000 and 9,000 cal BC). The archaeological sequence we have identified in the Bulbula plain is discontinuous because it is linked to lakelevel fluctuations but also to arid and volcanic events. Nevertheless, the different windows of preservation identified shed new light on a variety of issues regarding the late Prehistory of this area. It concerns particularly a final stage of the MSA (contemporary OIS3) and diverse expressions of the LSA. The signature of this diversity is both technical and economical, around the role of hunting and fishing practices. This interdisciplinary project combines geomorphological and archaeological perspectives with detailed work on raw material sampling and analysis.
À la différence de la plupart des régions d’Europe occidentale, où le Campaniforme est au centre des schémas de transition entre la fin du Néolithique et le début de l’Âge du bronze, c’est l’Artenacien qui semble tenir cette place dans le nord du Bassin aquitain et ses marges orientales. La reprise des travaux de terrain sur le gisement de la Perte du Cros (Saillac, Lot) oblige à réviser ce scénario. La découverte d’une importante occupation de plein air de la fin du Néolithique et d’une séquence stratigraphique en grotte couvrant cette période et l’Âge du bronze ancien renouvelle la documentation. Elle montre la surprenante insertion de ce site dans des réseaux d’échange à longue distance pour les matériaux lithiques et témoigne d’un paysage culturel complexe. Les productions céramiques sont dépourvues des traits les plus marquants de l’Artenacien, du Vérazien ou du groupe des Treilles, mais s’en inspirent, sans pour autant présenter des caractéristiques propres. À cette ambiance culturelle contribue également le Campaniforme, un peu sous sa forme décorée mais surtout par le biais de la céramique d’accompagnement. Ce patchwork de relations et d’influences est difficile à caractériser au travers des traditionnelles cultures archéologiques. Cette complexité se poursuit à l’Âge du bronze ancien, pendant lequel les ensembles céramiques régionaux combinent plusieurs composantes stylistiques, dont la répartition géographique ne se recouvre que partiellement. Ces caractéristiques forcent à repenser les outils conceptuels utilisés pour appréhender cette phase de transition.
The northern coast of the Médoc between Soulac-sur-Mer and Montalivet-les-Bains has a rich archaeological heritage that is being directly impacted by coastal erosion. A series of clay-peat palaeosols that formed in ancient estuarine marshes holds evidence of intensive occupation from the Mesolithic until the end of the Roman period. Within this framework, our research focused on the two key sites of La Lède du Gurp (Grayan-et-l'Hôpital) and L'Amélie (Soulac-sur-Mer), where an interdisciplinary approach based on comparison of archaeological, sedimentary and palaeo-environmental data has made it possible to situate the main phases of occupation in their environmental context. This work has benefited from field documentation that is exceptionally well-preserved in wet sediments sealed beneath the present-day dune system. The most fleeting traces (animal tracks) like the sturdiest anthropic structures are preserved, as are many organic remains. These items provide access to first-rate documentation for reconstructing the range of activities practised in a specific ecosystem: salt production, livestock grazing, shellfish collecting, passage and carriage, and funerary and symbolic practices. Study of occupation over the long term reveals an alternating pattern of dynamic phases and decline phases that seem to be correlated with changes in the local environment.
La conquête de la montagne : des premières occupations humaines à l'anthropisation du milieu Éditions du Comité des travaux historiques et scientifiques Des structures d'habitat en haute montagne de la fin du Campaniforme et du Bronze ancien (2 300-2 000 avant notre ère) au cirque de Troumouse (La Haille de Pout, Gèdre, Hautes-Pyrénées) : premiers résultats High-mountain settlement structures at the end of the Bell-Beaker culture and Early Bronze Age (2,300-2,000 BC
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