Based on the results of some studies that established relationships between intracellular signaling pathways activation and the reduction of intramuscular glycogen (GLICO) stores, training strategies with low carbohydrate availability CHO (training low) have been proposed as potentiators for endurance training adaptations. However, as GLICO represents an important source of energy for exercise intensity maintenance, its degradation, and/or not resynthesis, may lead to a decrease of session's intensity, consisting an aspect to be balanced against the "supra molecular regulation" arguments. Some training low strategies induce the intramuscular GLICO depletion by reducing the CHO intake. However, the original studies that provided the training low molecular foundation promoted the GLICO depletion throughout the exercise intervention, and not directly by the reduction of CHO intake. Longitudinal researches with ketogenic diets (low CHO and high fat) show a depreciation of the athlete's performance and overall health, and that the exercise itself (high or low intensity) is possibly the most effective and safe alternative to reduce the intramuscular GLICO stores and the activation of intracellular key enzymes in adaptive responses to endurance training.
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