Atributos biométricos de frutos e sementes dePeltophorum dubium (Spreng.) Taub.Fruit and seed biometrical characteristics of Peltophorum dubium (Spreng.) Taub.Alan Mario Zuffo 1* , Fábio Steiner 1 , Tiago Zoz 1 , Joacir M. Zuffo Júnior 2 , Gabriel Z. Douradinho 1 , Camila P. Oliveira 1 e Guilherme Bortolazzo 1 Sul, Dpto. de Produção Vegetal, Unidade Universitário de Cassilândia, MS 306, km 6,4, Cassilândia, MS, Brasil. 2 Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Dpto. de Agronomia, Campus de Nova Xavantina, Km 148, Nova Xavantina, MT, ¹ Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do R E S U M OA canafístula (Peltophorum dubium) é uma espécie nativa com grande potencial económico e amplamente utilizada na arborização urbana e rural da América do Sul, todavia, constatou-se haver poucas informações sobre as características intrínsecas dos frutos e sementes. Características biométricas de frutos e sementes são importantes para a formação de lotes uniformes de sementes, para estudos de dispersão e de produção de mudas de qualidade. Nestes pressupostos, este trabalho teve como objetivo determinar e correlacionar as principais características biométricas dos frutos e sementes de canafístula, para averiguar sobreas potencialidades produtivas e económicas desta espécie. Analisaram-se 100 frutos frescos e 100 sementes quanto ao comprimento longitudinal, largura, espessura, massa fresca do fruto e da semente, massa fresca da casca, número de sementes por fruto, massa seca e umidade da semente. As características biométricas foram analisadas mediante distribuição de frequência, calculando-se o coeficiente de correlação de Spearman (rS) e o nível de significância através do teste t (P ≤ 0,05). Os frutos e sementes de canafístula apresentam variabilidade para a maioria das características biométricas determinadas, bem como correlação positiva predominante entre elas. As sementes apresentam grande potencial pelo alto rendimento da massa seca, sendo possível a seleção de sementes com maior massa seca com base em características como a massa fresca das sementes.Palavras-chave: biometria, Cerrado, correlação Spearman. A B S T R A C TPeltophorum dubium is a native species with great economic potential and widely used in urban and rural tree planting in South America, however, it was found there was little information on the intrinsic characteristics of fruits and seeds. Biometric characteristics of fruits and seeds are important for the formation of uniform seed lots, for studies of dispersion and quality seedling production. Thus, the aim of this work was to determine and correlate main fruit and seed biometrical characteristics of P. dubium in order to provide information on the productive and economic potentialities of this species. A total of 100 fruits and 100 seeds with respect to the length, width, thickness, fruit and seed fresh mass, fruit peel fresh mass, number of seeds per fruit, seed dry matter and moisture content were measured. The biometric characteristics were analyzed by frequency distribution, calculating the Spearman...
The evaluation of seed physiological quality is fundamental to the success of the agricultural production system. Methods that enable rapid evaluation of seed physiological quality are of great interest in the quality control of producing companies. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of potassium leaching test in the evaluation of the wheat seed physiological quality, seeking compared to other methods to differentiate physiological quality of seed lots. A completely randomized design with four replications of 50 seeds each was used. Five wheat seed lots of the cultivar BRS 331 were submitted to germination test (8 days), first count of germination test (four days), low temperature germination test (5 °C/7 days), accelerated aging test (43 °C/48 h) in distilled water (100% RH), electrical conductivity test (50 seeds into 50 mL of water; at 25 °C for 24 h), potassium leaching (50 seeds into 75 mL of water; at 25 °C for 2 h), and seed water content. The evaluation of seed physiological quality by the accelerated aging test and potassium leaching test were the methods most appropriate to separate of wheat seed lots in different classes of physiological potential.
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a major crop worldwide and the tuber yield of currently used cultivars is strongly reduced at high soil salt levels. The effects of salt stress on early sprout growth of potato plants were investigated using the cultivar Ágata. Potato seed minitubers were planted in 0.4 L pots filled with commercial substrate (Bioplant®), and maintained under greenhouse conditions. A completely randomized design with five treatments and five replications was used. Three days after sprouting, potato plants were exposed to five salinity levels [0 (control), 25, 50, 75 and 100 mmol L–1 of NaCl] for 28 days. Results showed that the exposure of plants to 100 mmol L–1 NaCl reduced the shoot height (72%), shoot dry matter (76%) and root dry matter (75%) of potato plants compared to the NaCl-free control. The length of longest roots was not affected by salinity levels, indicating that inhibition of shoot growth is more severe that of the root. The exposure to high salt concentrations severely restricted the early sprout growth of potato plants. Results of this study stated that salt-stress is a constraint on potato production, and the use of cultivars tolerant to salt stress can be a strategy to achieve high levels of potato tuber yield under salinity conditions.
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