The U-box E3 (PUB) family genes encode the E3 ubiquitin ligase enzyme, which determines substrate specific recognition during protein ubiquitination. They are widespread in plants and are critical for plant growth, development, and response to external stresses. However, there are few studies on the functional characteristic of PUB gene family in the important staple crop, maize (Zea mays L.). In this study, the PUB gene in maize was aimed to identify and classify through whole-genome screening. Phylogenetic tree, gene structure, conserved motif, chromosome location, gene duplication (GD), synteny, and cis-acting regulatory element of PUB member were analyzed. The expression profiles of ZmPUB gene family in maize during development and under abiotic stress and hormones treatment were analyzed by the RNA-seq data. A total of 79 PUB genes were identified in maize genome, and they were stratified into seven categories. There were 25 pairs of segmental duplications (SD) and 1 pair of tandem duplication (TD) identified in the maize PUB gene family. A close relationship was observed between the monocot plant maize and rice in PUB gene family. There were 94 kinds of cis-acting elements identified in the maize PUB gene family, which included 46 biotic- and abiotic-responsive elements, 19 hormone-responsive elements, 13 metabolic and growth-related elements. The expression profiles of maize PUB gene family showed characteristics of tissue specificity and response to abiotic stress and hormones treatment. These results provided an extensive overview of the maize PUB gene family.
The edible qualities are crucial factors for quality of Fresh-eating sweet Corn. However, the research of the edible quality at the milking stage remains largely ambiguous in sweet corn. To identify phenotypes and classify genotypes via principal component analysis and cluster analysis, the textural properties of the grain of 51 sweet corn varieties in regional tests were measured by texture analyzer. The results showed that there was high genetic variation and diversity in the grain textural properties (hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, adhesiveness, chewiness, resilience, gumminess) between the 51 sweet corn varieties. Among the variation in these textural properties, the variation in adhesiveness was the greatest, and the variation in cohesiveness was the smallest; the variation ranges were 1.145~18.190 and 0.126~0.253, respectively. There were very significantly positive relationships between hardness, cohesiveness, chewiness and gumminess; the correlation coefficients were greater than 0.783. However, no significant correlation between resilience and the other traits was observed. According to principal component analysis (PCA), the above seven textural characteristics were governed by three independent principal components. The per cent contributions of the variance of the three independent principal components were 54.656%, 15.814% and 14.737%. Hardness, springiness and resilience were the dominant factors affecting the textural properties of the sweet corn grain. According to systematic cluster analysis, the 51 sweet corn varieties could be classified into 2 groups based on their hardness values, and group 1 could be further classified into 3 subgroups based on the values of springiness and resilience. These results indicated that significant genetic differences exist in the textural properties of sweet corn grain and provided useful information for improving the edible quality of sweet corn.
In order to reduce the harmful effects of nisulfuron on sweet corn, the physiological regulation mechanism of sweet corn detoxi cation was studied. In this study, a pair of sister lines of sweet corn(nicosulfurontolerant"HK310" and nicosulfuron-sensitive "HK320")were used to analyze the effects of nicosulfuron stress on glyoxalase system, hormone content and key gene expression on sweet corn seedlings. The results showed that after spraying nicosulfuron, methyl glyoxal (MG) content in HK301 increased rst and then decreased. As well as, the activities of glyoxalaseI (GlyI) and glyoxalaseII (GlyII), the content of non-enzymatic glutathione (GSH) and the glutathione redox state glutathione/ (glutathione + glutathione disul de) (GSH/ (GSH + GSSG)) showed the same trend as the MG content. Besides, the contents of ababic acid (ABA), gibberelin (GA) and zeatin nucleoside (ZR) also increased rst and then decreased, and auxin (IAA) content increased continuously. In HK301, all indexes after spraying nicosulfuron were signi cantly greater than those of control. In HK320, MG accumulation continued to increase after nicosulfuron spraying, and the activities of GlyI and GlyII and GSH content rst increased and then decreased after 1d stress. The indicators above are signi cantly greater than the control. While the ratio of GSH/ (GSH + GSSG) showed a decreasing trend and signi cantly smaller than the control. Furthermore, the contents of ABA and IAA continued to increase, and the contents of GA and ZR rst increased and then decreased. Compared with HK320, HK301 signi cantly upregulated the transcription levels of GlyI and GlyII genes in roots, stems and leaves. Comprehensive analysis showed that sweet maize seedlings with different drug resistance improved their herbicide resistance by changing glyoxalase system and regulating endogenous hormones. The results provided a theoretical basis for further understanding the response mechanism of glyoxalase system and the regulation characteristics of endogenous hormones in maize under the stress of nianysulfuron.
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