Twenty rats with implanted liver tumor were studied. Following baseline angiography, the hepatic artery was embolized with Gelfoam powder or ethanol (n = 12) while the controls (n = 8) did not undergo embolization. Postmortem Microfil perfusion was performed in all livers. Filling of tumor lakes from the portal vein was seen more often in embolized animals than in controls, indicating the potential role of the portal venous system in the supply of dearterialized hepatic tumors. We discuss the possible clinical implication of our results.
Background. Yttrium‐90 (90‐Y) glass microsphere is a new kind of radiation microsphere for internal radiation therapy of primary liver cancer (PLC). The study was carried out by administration of 35 μm nondegradable 90‐Y glass microsphere through the hepatic artery for treatment of PLC.
Methods. Six rabbits were injected with 185–1480 megabecquerels (MBq) of 90‐Y glass microspheres, and three rabbits were injected with 35–300 mg of 89‐Y glass microspheres for the toxic test. Eighteen patients received 2442–5550 MBq of 90‐Y glass microspheres for the treatment of PLC. Whole blood counts, liver function, and imaging examination were performed. Pathologic examinations were performed on all rabbits.
Results. All rabbits were apparently well after absorbing 114.1–845.2 Gy 90‐Y glass microspheres in the liver but showed transient degeneration of hepatocytes and portal fibrosis histologically. The mean absorbed dose in liver tissue of patients with PLC was 30.33 Gy, whereas that in tumor tissue was 88 Gy and the highest in tumor tissue, 186.36 Gy. The mean tumor:liver tissue ratio was 3:1; the highest, 14:1. Fourteen patients were still alive after half a year's follow‐up and 6 of these 14 were still alive after 1 year.
Conclusions. The rabbits could tolerate up to eightfold of the upper limit of clinical dose (100 Gy). Good responses to the radiation therapy of 90‐Y glass microspheres in patients with localized and hypervascular or vascular mass were achieved. Contraindications for the therapy were presence of massive hepatic arterioportal shunt and cancer emboli in the main portal vein. It is safe and applicable to deliver 90‐Y glass microspheres in large doses through the hepatic artery for internal radiation treatment of PLC.
Nine patients with Takayasu's arteritis and a long stenotic segment of the abdominal aorta were treated by percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA). Intermittent claudication dissappeared in six of seven cases, the femoral pulse reappeared in all five; ankle/arm indices increased in seven cases; elevated blood pressure normalized in seven of eight cases. Seven patients were followed for 3 to 28 months. They were all free of symptoms from the lower extremities. In three patients with or without renal artery stenosis and with hypertension, the blood pressure decreased after PTA of the abdominal aorta only. PTA may be a valuable treatment in Takayasu's arteritis and stenosis of the abdominal aorta.
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