and environmental problems caused by the consumption of fossil fuels. [2] Conventional electrocatalytic systems, which are usually driven by an external electric supply and focus on producing a singletarget chemical, cannot meet the current demands of human society. [3] Therefore, novel electrocatalytic systems, especially co-electrocatalysis and self-powered electrocatalysis, have been designed to produce higher-value-added chemicals yields with a lower consumption of energy.Our group has previously reported the co-electrocatalytic conversions of H 2 O and glycerol, [4] and CO 2 and methanol, [5] which require an external power supply; however, their electrical energy consumption is significantly reduced, and the final products are value-added compounds. Comparatively, self-powered systems such as lithium-carbon, [6] Zn-H 2 O, [7] Zn-NO 3 -, [8] and hydrazine-H 2 O, [9] have also been reported using sacrificial metal anodes. Although self-powered systems have been considered an efficient method to produce high-value chemicals, two major drawbacks are associated with the applications of currently available SPSs: i) strong acidic and/or alkaline electrolytes are used, thus posing a safety risk to the operators, and ii) anodes are consumed without any value-added chemicals being produced. [10] Herein, we report a general and efficient self-co-electrolysis system (SCES) for the co-production of high-value chemicals at both electrodes in a neutral phosphate buffer solution (PBS) that does not require external power. This method assimilates the favorable chemical production by co-electrocatalysis and the self-energy supply of SPSs in one system. Additionally, it minimizes both safety and environmental concerns. We have chosen to use Zn as the anode in our system.Zn is abundant in the earth and is relatively inexpensive. It has a moderate equilibrium potential (−0.76 V), which features both high safety and high electrochemical performance under aqueous conditions. H 2 can be easily generated by sacrificing Zn in acidic or alkaline solutions; however, neutral media pose fewer safety risks; nonetheless, the reaction remains challenging owing to its sluggish kinetics and the low-value counterpart product of ZnO. To the best of our knowledge, there are no reports based on electrochemical Zn-H 2 O assemblies that employ neutral electrolytes. We hypothesized that a commercial Zn-H 2 O electrochemical configuration for efficient HER using neutral electrolytes under ambient conditions should meet twoThe spontaneous reaction between Zn and H 2 O is of critical importance and could plausibly be used to produce H 2 gas, especially under neutral conditions. However, this reaction has long been overlooked owing to its sluggish kinetics and Zn consumption. Herein, a unique self-co-electrolysis system (SCES) is reported, which uses a Zn anode, a CoP-based catalytic cathode, and a neutral phosphate buffer solution (PBS) as the electrolyte. In this SCES, Zn is not only a sacrificial anode but also an important precursor of highvalue...
Electricity generation and chemical productions are both critically important for the sustainable development of modern civilization. Here, a novel bifunctional Zn‐organic battery has been established for the concurrent enhanced electricity output and semi‐hydrogenations of a series of biomass aldehyderivatives, for the high value‐added chemical syntheses. Among them, the typical Zn‐furfural (FF) battery equipped with Cu foil‐supported edge‐enriched Cu nanosheets as cathodic electrocatalyst (Cu NS/Cu foil), provides a maximum current density and power density of 14.6 mA cm−2 and 2.00 mW cm−2, respectively, and in the meantime, produces high value product, furfural alcohol (FAL). The Cu NS/Cu foil catalyst exhibits excellent electrocatalytic performance of ≈93.5 % conversion ratio and ≈93.1 % selectivity for FF semi‐hydrogenation at a low potential of ‐1.1 V vs. Ag/AgCl by using H2O as H source, and shows impressive performance for various biomass aldehyderivatives semi‐hydrogenation.
Electrocatalytic 2e − oxygen reduction reaction (2e − ORR) is a promising approach to producing H 2 O 2 at ambient temperature and pressure especially in acidic media, which, however, is hindered by the high cost of precious metal-based electrocatalysts. Hence, the development of efficient earth-abundant electrocatalysts and reaction mechanism exploration for H 2 O 2 production by 2e − ORR in acidic solution are critically important but remain challenging at present. In this work, NiSe 2 has been developed as a novel and high-performance 2e − ORR electrocatalyst in acidic media, moreover, using nickel chalcogenides as the models, the influence of different anion species (Se 2 2− , S 2 2− , and O 2− ) on 2e − ORR electrocatalytic performance of the catalysts has been investigated. The synthesized NiSe 2 exhibits outstanding 2e − ORR performance of high selectivity (90%) and long-term durability (12 h). The maximum H 2 O 2 concentration of NiSe 2 reaches 988 ppm, which is the highest among all the reported transition metal chalcogenides. This work demonstrates a novel point of view in anion tuning for designing high-efficiency transition-metal-based electrocatalysts for 2e − ORR. Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material (additional experimental procedures, characterizations, and computational details) is available in the online version of this article at 10.1007/s12274-022-5160-2.
Electricity generation and chemical productions are both critically important for the sustainable development of modern civilization. Here, a novel bifunctional Zn-organic battery has been established for the concurrent enhanced electricity output and semihydrogenations of a series of biomass aldehyderivatives, for the high value-added chemical syntheses. Among them, the typical Zn-furfural (FF) battery equipped with Cu foil-supported edge-enriched Cu nanosheets as cathodic electrocatalyst (Cu NS/Cu foil), provides a maximum current density and power density of 14.6 mA cm À 2 and 2.00 mW cm À 2 , respectively, and in the meantime, produces high value product, furfural alcohol (FAL). The Cu NS/Cu foil catalyst exhibits excellent electrocatalytic performance of � 93.5 % conversion ratio and � 93.1 % selectivity for FF semi-hydrogenation at a low potential of -1.1 V vs. Ag/AgCl by using H 2 O as H source, and shows impressive performance for various biomass aldehyderivatives semi-hydrogenation.
Based on a sample survey of high schools in Province S of China, this study used quantitative statistical analysis to explore the ideal matching mode of sleep time and high academic performance and established a multi-level early warning mechanism for schools that sacrifice student sleep for high academic performance. The results showed that “students achieve the best academic performance when they sleep for eight hours or more.” This is an ideal matching mode for schools to ensure the healthy development of students and build a good educational environment. Teachers, schools, education administrators, and parents should hold correct educational values and view comprehensively the relationship between students’ sleep time and academic performance. For schools that sacrifice students' sleep time and blindly pursue high grades, a multi-level early warning mechanism should be established and their rectification should be supervised.
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