The wide spread use of 3D acquisition devices with high-performance processing tools has facilitated rapid generation of digital twin models for large production plants and factories for optimizing work cell layouts and improving human operator effectiveness, safety and ergonomics. Although recent advances in digital simulation tools have enabled users to analyze the workspace using virtual human and environment models, these tools are still highly dependent on user input to configure the simulation environment such as how humans are picking and moving different objects during manufacturing. As a step towards, alleviating user involvement in such analysis, we introduce a data-driven approach for estimating natural grasp point locations on objects that human interact with in industrial applications. Proposed system takes a CAD model as input and outputs a list of candidate natural grasping point locations. We start with generation of a crowdsourced grasping database that consists of CAD models and corresponding grasping point locations that are labeled as natural or not. Next, we employ a Bayesian network classifier to learn a mapping between object geometry and natural grasping locations using a set of geometrical features. Then, for a novel object, we create a list of candidate grasping positions and select a subset of these possible locations as natural grasping contacts using our machine learning model. We evaluate the advantages and limitations of our method by investigating the ergonomics of resulting grasp postures.
Physical property test fuel rod is used for the engineering test and thermal comprehensive experimental verification of lead-cooled reactors. Preliminary electron beam welding (EBW) trials showed that the welding quality of coated 15-15Ti tube and 316L end plug were significantly affected by welding defects. By studying the welding defects with optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), it is showed that the inclusions in the coating of the cladding tube enter the welding line during EBW, increasing the tendency to form cracks and leading to welding cracks; the excessively long mating surface between the cladding tube and end plug results in welding gas expansion. Through the design of orthogonal tests with influential parameters including the length of the mating surface of the end plug, the removal amount of the inner wall of the cladding tube and the interference amount on the quality characteristics, the comprehensive effects of these parameters were studied and the best matching structure was determined, which breaks through the difficulty in the welding between 316L end plug and coated 15-15Ti tube, and the welding qualification has been verified to be improved.
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