The establishment of a modern economic system is the strategic goal for economic prosperity in China, and the national strategic science and technology strength is required to provide strategic support, pioneering thoughts, and sustained input and serve as the primary diver in this process. In this study, we first clarify the significance in enhancing the national strategic science and technology strength to serve economic development. Subsequently, we propose an overall approach to enhancing the national strategic science and technology strength by developing an innovation-driven and coordinated modern industrial system. This aims to reshape the landscape of global industrial competition in the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation and to determine the role that China plays in global economic arena. We then investigate major pathways and specific measures to enhance the national strategic science and technology strength from the
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