The sulphide capacities of CaO-SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 -MgO-TiO 2 -Fe t O slags with high titanium and Fe t O were measured by gas-slag equilibration technique to reveal the effect of slag composition and temperature on the sulphide capacities of slags. The results showed that sulphide capacities enhanced with the increase of temperature, basicity, Fe t O, and MgO contents, TiO 2 content increased first and then decreased in the range of 10 wt-% to 20 wt-%; the influence became negligible as the TiO 2 content exceeded 25 wt-%. MgO significantly increased the sulphide capacities of slag in the range of 6 wt-% to 8 wt-%, continued to increase the MgO content, and the increasing trend of Log C S became slowly; Fe t O content increased from 3 wt-% to 9 wt-%, sulphide capacities increased slowly, increased dramatically in the range of 9 wt-% to 15 wt-%. Meanwhile, comparing the optical basicity models found Zhang and Tsao's models are close to the experimentally determined values.
In response to the problem of rich vanadium-titanium magnetite (VTM) resources in China contrasting with low blast furnace utilization, a HIsmelt process for smelting VTM is proposed. The influence of the process parameters on smelting reduction is analysed under laboratory conditions by simulating smelting reduction. The results show that extending the reaction time reduces the FeO content in the slag by 15.34 wt-%, increasing the reaction temperature reduces the FeO content in the slag by 26.38 wt-%, and increasing the basicity reduces the FeO content in the slag by 11.26 wt-%. The control temperature for smelting VTM using the HIsmelt process is 1425°C, with a reduction time of 20-30 min, which is conducive to the transfer of vanadium to the molten iron and the enrichment of titanium in the slag. To ensure vanadium and titanium are efficiently utilized, a basicity control of 0.8 is appropriate.
The thermodynamic and kinetic behaviors of carbothermal reduction of copper slag under different basicity were studied. The results show that the reduction process of Fe and Zn in copper slag is mainly endothermic reaction. The initial reaction temperature with C is lower than that with CO. The metallization rates of Fe and Zn at various temperatures gradually increase with the increase of basicity. With increasing basicity, the reduction rate of copper slag at each heating rate and the reduction degree at 1573 K gradually increase, and the initial reaction temperature gradually decreases. The increase of basicity from 0.06 to 1.20 makes the reaction activation energy decrease by 93.54 kJ mol −1 . The carbothermal reduction process of copper slag at each basicity conforms to the diffusion model, and the mechanism function is fThe increase of basicity has a positive catalytic effect on the carbothermal reduction process of copper slag.
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