Herpes simplex encephalitis is the most common sporadic viral encephalitis in the
western world, HSV-1 (herpes simplex virus) being the mostly commonly implicated
serotype. The disease is usually monophasic, although patients may relapse
weeks, months or years after initial infection. This chronic granulomatous
inflammatory process is almost exclusively described in children and rarely
forms discrete enhancing parenchymal nodules. We present the clinical and
radiological features of an unusual case of chronic nodular granulomatous herpes
encephalitis with enhancing “mass-like” nodules in an adult. To
the author’s knowledge, this is the first reported case of macroscopic
“mass-like” nodular granuloma formation in an adult.
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