The first outbreak of acute flaccid myelitis associated to enterovirus D68 is reported in Argentina. Active epidemiological surveillance will help to determine the true incidence, epidemiology and etiology of this disease.

Objective: To evaluate the differential characteristics of SARS-COV-2 associated inflammatory multisystem syndrome (MIS-C) in children. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted. The definition of MIS-C was based on WHO criteria. Temporally related COVID-19 patients were included as controls. Results: 25 patients with MIS-C and 75 controls were included. Multivariate multiple logistic regression model of variables that showed to be significant in univariate analysis revealed that age ≥2 years (OR 24.7; 95% CI 1.03 -592.4; P=0.048), lymphopenia (OR 9.03, 95%CI 2.05-39.7; P=0.004), and platelet count <150x10 9 / L (OR 11.7; 95% CI 1.88-75.22; P=0.009) were significantly associated with MIS-C. Presence of underlying disease seemed to reduce the risk of MIS-C (OR 0.06; 95% CI 0.01-0.3). Conclusion: MIS-C was more common in patients older than 2 years and in those with lymphopenia or thrombocytopenia. Underlying disease appears to reduce the risk of MIS-C.

Sin conflictos de interés. Este estudio no recibió financiamiento.

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The program was effective and allowed to improve antibiotic prescription practices in hospitalized children.

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Endocarditis por Streptococcus pneumoniae en pediatría. Presentación de un caso clínicoStreptococcus pneumoniae endocarditis in a child: a case report ResumenIntroducción: la incidencia de infecciones invasivas por neumococo ha disminuido desde la generalización de la vacuna neumocóccica conjugada, aunque el neumococo continúa siendo un patógeno prevalente en niños. De las infecciones invasivas por neumococo, la EI (endocarditis infecciosa) es una forma de presentación rara con una incidencia de 1 a 7%. Caso clínico: Presentamos el caso de un niño de 4 años previamente sano, con una única dosis de vacuna 10 valente conjugada para neumococo, que consulta con fiebre, la aparición de un nuevo soplo cardíaco e insuficiencia cardíaca. Presentó desarrollo de S. pneumoniae en hemocultivos, sensible a penicilina. En el ecocardiograma transtorácico se observaron vegetaciones en válvula tricuspídea y pulmonar. Recibió 4 semanas de tratamiento antibiótico con diagnóstico de EI por neumococo. Evolucionó con daño valvular secundario que requirió tratamiento quirúrgico. Conclusiones: Debe considerarse la EI como diagnóstico diferencial ante todo niño febril con la aparición de un nuevo soplo cardíaco, y al neumococo agente etiológico en los pacientes febriles con infecciones graves provenientes de la comunidad. Keywords:Endocarditis; Streptococcus pneumoniae, child, bacterial infections Abstract Introduction: the incidence of invasive infections caused by pneumococcus (Streptococcus pneumoniae) has declined since generalized vaccination with pneumococcal conjugated vaccine, but it is still a prevalent pathogen in children. Amongst pneumococcal invasive infections, IE (infectious endocarditis) is rare, with an incidence between 1 and 7%. Case report: We describe the case of a previously healthy 4 year old boy, who had received one dose of 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine who presents with fever, a new heart murmur and heart failure. Blood cultures were posi-

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