The purpose of this study was to compare the predictive ability of five obesity indices, including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist-to-hip ratio (WHpR) and body adiposity index (BAI), to predict multiple non-adipose metabolic risk factors, including elevated blood pressure (BP), elevated fasting plasma glucose (FPG), elevated triglyceride (TG), reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), elevated serum uric acid (SUA) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), in an elderly Chinese population. A total of 5685 elderly Chinese subjects (≥60 years) were recruited into our community-based cross-sectional study. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analyses were used to compare the predictive ability as well as determine the optimal cut-off values of the obesity indices for multiple metabolic risk factors. According to the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), BMI, WC and WHtR were able to similarly predict high metabolic risk in males (0.698 vs. 0.691 vs. 0.688), while in females, BMI and WC were able to similarly predict high metabolic risk (0.676 vs. 0.669). The optimal cut-off values of BMI, WC and WHtR in males were, respectively, 24.12 kg/m2, 83.5 cm and 0.51, while in females, the values were 23.53 kg/m2 and 77.5 cm.

BackgroundThe present study evaluated the predictive ability of five known “best” obesity and lipid-related parameters, including body mass index (BMI), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), triglyceride-to-high-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol (TG/HDL-C), lipid accumulation product (LAP) and visceral adiposity index (VAI), in identifying metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Chinese elderly population.MethodsA total of 6722 elderly Chinese subjects (≥60 years) were recruited into our community-based cross-sectional study from April 2015 to July 2017. The anthropometrics, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, blood lipid profiles, family history and health-related behaviours were assessed.ResultsThe prevalence of MetS was 40.4% (32.5% in males and 47.2% in females). With the increase in the number of MetS components (from 0 to 5), all the five parameters showed an increase trend in both genders (all P for trend < 0.001). According to receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analyses, all the five parameters performed high predictive value in identifying MetS. The statistical significance of the areas under the curves (AUCs) differences suggested that the AUCs of LAP were the greatest among others in both genders (AUCs were 0.897 in males and 0.875 in females). The optimal cut-off values of LAP were 26.35 in males and 31.04 in females. After adjustment for potentially confounding factors, LAP was strongly associated with the odds of having MetS in both genders, and ORs for MetS increased across quartiles using multivariate logistic regression analysis (P < 0.001).ConclusionLAP appeared to be a superior parameter for predicting MetS in both Chinese elderly males and females, better than VAI, TG/HDL-C, WHtR and BMI.

We herein report the diastereo- and enantioselective C­(sp)–H addition of terminal alkynes to cyclopropenes by a chiral half-sandwich gadolinium catalyst. This protocol constitutes the first example of asymmetric hydroalkynylation of cyclopropenes with terminal alkynes and offers a straightforward and 100% atom-efficient route for the synthesis of a wide range of enantioenriched alkynylcyclopropane derivatives in high yields (65–96%) and excellent stereoselectivity (>20:1 dr; 90–99% ee). Elaboration of some of the alkynylcyclopropane products through selective transformation of the CC moiety has also been demonstrated to give further diversified chiral cyclopropane derivatives which are otherwise difficult to access.

An unprecedented visible-light-mediated metal-free deuteration of hydrosilanes using D2O as a deuterium source was developed.

The catalytic asymmetric construction of silicon-stereogenic silanes is of great interest and significance, but has met with only limited success to date. We herein report the enantioselective hydrosilylation of alkenes with dihydrosilanes by a chiral half-sandwich scandium catalyst, which constitutes an efficient and general route for the synthesis of a wide range of enantioenriched silicon-stereogenic silanes from easily accessible starting materials. This reaction features a broad substrate scope, high yields, and high enantioselectivity. Some of the chiral tertiary silane products were also converted into valuable derivatives, such as chiral silanol, quaternary silane, and benzosilole compounds.

Transition metal catalyzed C−H functionalization of organic compounds has proved to be a useful atom‐efficient strategy in organic synthesis. In contrast, main‐group‐element‐based catalytic processes for C−H functionalization have remained underexplored to date. Reported herein is the catalytic C(sp)−H silylation of a wide range of terminal alkynes with hydrosilanes by using a combination of B(C6F5)3 and an organic base such as triethylenediamine (DABCO). This protocol constitutes the first example of boron‐catalyzed C(sp)−H functionalization, offering a convenient route for the synthesis of a variety of alkynylsilanes. Experimental and computational studies have revealed that DABCO plays two crucial roles (Lewis base and Brønsted base) in this catalytic transformation.

In recent years, the role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in cancer is increasingly focused. ncRuPAR is a newly detected lncRNA; in previous study, we found out that ncRuPAR could inhibit tumor progression by downregulating protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1), but its role in colorectal cancer (CRC) is never elucidated. Here, we conducted a self-control study which includes 105 CRC samples. By quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemical staining, we detected the expression of ncRuPAR and PAR-1 as well as their correlation; we further associated these data with the clinicopathologic parameters. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed to evaluate the diagnostic value of ncRuPAR and PAR-1, respectively. Our results indicated that the expression of ncRuPAR was significantly downregulated in CRC compared with paired adjacent nontumor tissues, but the level of PAR-1 mRNA in cancerous tissues was significantly higher than in adjacent normal areas. The expression of ncRuPAR was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, Duck's stage, differentiation, and TNM stage and was potentially negatively associated with the mRNA levels and EI scores of PAR-1. The area under the ROC curve of ncRuPAR was 0.81 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.75-0.87); at a cutoff value of 8.34, the ncRuPAR measurement had a sensitivity of 97.14%, a specificity of 65.87%, and an accuracy of 82.86% to predict CRC.

Visible-light-mediated sequential Wolff rearrangement and Staudinger cycloaddition for the assembly of valuable spiro-pyrazolone-β-lactams for the first time is disclosed by utilizing in situ generated ketenes and pyrazolone ketimines. This powerful...