Background Surgery is the gold standard for the treatment of malignant tumors of the rectum. Intestinal anastomotic leakage remains a serious complication of colorectal surgery. The efficacy and safety of transrectal endoscopic drainage by vacuum therapy in patients with intestinal anastomotic leakage after surgical treatment of middle and distal rectal tumors were assessed. Methods Prospective analysis of treatment outcomes among patients undergoing surgery for middle and distal rectal tumors at the Department of General, Gastroenterological, and Oncological Surgery of the Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz and Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun from 2016 to 2019 was conducted. Results Seventy-nine patients with middle and distal rectal tumors underwent laparoscopic resection. Intestinal anastomotic leak was identified in 18 (22.79%) patients [all men, mean age 61.39 (43–86) years] during the postoperative period. Primary protective ileostomy was performed in 8/18 (44.44%) patients. All 18 patients were treated with endoluminal vacuum therapy via transrectal endoscopic drainage. The mean time from surgery to the diagnosis of leakage and initiation of endoscopic treatment was 16 (3–728) days. The mean number of endoscopic procedures per patient was 6 (1–11). The mean duration of endoscopic treatment was 22 (4–43) days. Complications of endotherapy occurred in 2/18 (11.11%) patients treated endoscopically for bleeding from the abscess cavity. Success of endoluminal vacuum therapy was achieved in 17/18 (94.44%) patients. Moreover, 5/18 (27.78%) patients required ileostomy during the endoscopic treatment. The mean follow-up period was 368 (118–724) days. Long-term success of transrectal endoscopic drainage using vacuum-assisted therapy was achieved in 15/18 (83.33%) patients. Conclusions Endoscopic rectal drainage using vacuum-assisted therapy is an effective and safe minimally invasive treatment in patients with intestinal anastomotic leaks following resection procedures within the middle and distal rectum.
Blowfly maggots have been used in the treatment of wounds since antiquity. For more than ten years, advances in modern technology have enabled us to safely and widely apply larval therapy as one of the methods used to treat poorly healing ulcerations. The aim of the study was to determine the degree of non-healing wound debridement after the application of sterile Lucilia sericata blowfly maggots. Material and methods. The study group comprised 19 patients including 15 with crural ulcerations due to chronic venous insufficiency and four with diabetic feet. Each was subjected to larval therapy. Five patients were additionally diagnosed with advanced lower leg atherosclerosis. The study group comprised 12 female and 7 male patients between 48 and 86 years of age. The ulcerations were present for a period ranging between 1 and 420 months before the study. Twenty-one wounds were analyzed. The type and degree of vascular insufficiency of the lower legs was evaluated on the basis of Doppler ultrasound examinations utilizing the ankle/brachial index. Lucilia sericata blowfly maggots were placed in the wound, ten for every 1 cm 2 , and left for a period of 2-3 days. The external part of the dressing was changed 2-3 times per day. In addition to photographic documentation of the wound, swabs were collected for bacteriological examination before and after treatment. Results. The surface area of the wounds subjected to larval therapy ranged between 2 and 139 cm 2 . The mean surface area for venous ulcerations was 60 cm 2 , whereas, the mean for diabetic ulcerations was 47 cm 2 . The maggots were applied once to 9 wounds, twice to 4 wounds, three times to 4 wounds, four times to 3 wounds, and five times to one wound. Nine of the ulcerations were debrided from necrotic tissue by 90-100%, six by 70-90%, two by 55-60%, and three by 20-40%. In the case of one patient, the wound was not cleansed and the limb was amputated. Good biosurgical treatment results prevented three patients with diabetic feet from possible amputation at the level of the thigh (two patients), and lower leg (one patient). Debridement results were worse in patients where therapy was stopped due to acute pain (two patients) or significant bleeding (two patients), as well as in those with concomitant atherosclerosis. Conclusions. Biosurgical treatment of chronic lower leg ulcerations with the use of sterile Lucilia sericata blowfly maggots is a safe and effective method on the basis of debridement of wounds from necrotic tissue and purulent exudate.
Background Meckel’s diverticulum is a remnant of the omphalomesenteric duct and occurs in only about 2% of people. Mesodiverticular band is the congenital remnant of the vitelline artery and is an even less often occurring phenomenon. Presented case We present the case of a 56-year-old Caucasian male who was admitted to the emergency department with a very intense, sudden abdominal pain, without past abdominal surgery history. Contrast enhanced computed tomography showed a possibly ischemic closed loop of the small intestine. Urgent laparotomy was performed, during which bloody content in the peritoneal cavity and torsed loop of the small intestine with Meckel’s diverticulum were found. The bowel loop and Meckel’s diverticulum were ischemic. At the tip of Meckel’s diverticulum there was a broken fibrous band extending to mesentery with pulsating artery. We did segmental resection of small intestine including Meckel’s diverticulum and primary end-to-end anastomosis. The patient had an unremarkable postoperative hospital stay and was discharged home after 5 days. Conclusion In our case, we describe a patient with the volvulus of a segment of small bowel and Meckel’s diverticulum, which eventually led to small bowel obstruction and ischemia. It was a very rare case that required urgent surgical treatment.
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