This article uses a panel data set of paired observations of housing units for the most recent inter-censal period to examine the micro-level mobility dynamics that maintain disproportionately high levels of white/black segregation in New York City. Multinomial logistic regression models reveal an unmistakable pattern of white avoidance of mixed and predominantly non-white areas, and areas dominated by blacks, countered by significantly increased odds of Hispanic and particularly black in-movement to these same areas. Coupled with evidence of enhanced odds of white out-movement from these same kinds of areas, the results overall indicate that ''white flight'' as well as white avoidance help to maintain extreme levels of white/black segregation. The pattern of areal effects on the odds of mobility incidence and racial/ethnic turnover also reveal the dynamics that have produced predominantly non-white areas composed almost exclusively of blacks and Hispanics.
This review focuses on how Latinos report their race. This is an area that has recently experienced a major surge of interest in both government and academic circles. This review of the literature examines how and why Latinos report their race on the census, in surveys and in more qualitative studies. It reviews the vibrant and growing scholarly literature relevant to the questions of the placement -by self or others -of Latinos along the US color line, what determines it and how the Census has coped and is coping with it. We begin with a brief review of the history of Latino classification in the census and then discuss the factors influencing racial reporting. These include national origin and skin color, acculturation and generational status, socioeconomic status, perceived discrimination and identification with others who have experienced actual discrimination, location, and question format. We end with a discussion of the implications of the recent 2010 Alternative Questionnaire Experiment conducted by the census, and conclude with suggestions for future research.
The present study investigates nativity status and place-of-birth differences in suburban residence among black ethnic groups. The main objective is to evaluate the extent to which the relationship between black immigrants' individual-level socioeconomic status characteristics and suburban outcomes conforms to the tenets of the spatial assimilation model. Using micro-data from the 2006-2010 American Community Survey, we employed logistic regression models to determine the effects of the relevant predictors on suburban residence of whites and black ethnic groups. The results reveal that black immigrants' suburban outcomes vary depending upon the racial/ethnic background and nativity status of the reference group. While both black Caribbean and African immigrants are less likely to reside in the suburbs than native-born white households, they are more likely to do so than native-born black Americans, even when controlling for differences in income, education, and homeownership. We also find black immigrants' probability of suburban residence varies by English language proficiency and length of time spent in the United States in ways that contradict the tenets of the spatial assimilation model.
Background:
Virtual reality simulation in postlicensure nursing education, including community health, is an emerging instructional approach, and more research is needed on its effectiveness. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an innovative, computer-based community health nursing virtual reality simulation among postlicensure nursing students.
Method:
This mixed methods study consisted of 67 postlicensure community health nursing students who completed a pretest, computer-based virtual reality simulation, and a posttest and evaluation.
Results:
The majority of participant scores increased from pretest to posttest, and most participants agreed that the computer-based virtual reality simulation was effective; new knowledge and skills learned, the material that was found to be most helpful, and benefits to nursing practice were identified.
Conclusion:
This community health nursing computer-based virtual reality simulation was effective at increasing participants' knowledge and confidence with learning.
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J Contin Educ Nurs.
2023;54(3):109–116.]
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