We have studied the ground state phase diagram of the quantum spin-1/2 frustrated Heisenberg antiferromagnet on a square lattice by using the framework of the differential operator technique. The Hamiltonian is solved by using an effective-field theory for a cluster with two spins (EFT-2). The model is described using the Heisenberg Hamiltonian with two competing antiferromagnetic interactions: nearest neighbor (NN) with different coupling strengths J 1 and J 1 along the x and y directions and next nearest neighbor (NNN) with coupling J 2 . We propose a functional for the free energy (similar to the Landau expansion) and using Maxwell construction we obtain the phase diagram in the (λ, α) space, where λ = J 1 /J 1 and α = J 2 /J 1 . We obtain three different states depending on the values of λ and α: antiferromagnetic (AF), collinear antiferromagnetic (CAF) and quantum paramagnetic (QP). For an intermediate
The ground-state properties of the quasi-one-dimensional spin-1/2 antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model is investigated by using a variational method. Spins on chains along the x direction are antiferromagnetically coupled with exchange J>0, while spins between chains in the y direction are coupled either ferromagnetically (J' < 0) or antiferromagnetically (J' > 0). The staggered and the colinear antiferromagnetic magnetizations are computed and their dependence on the anisotropy parameter λ=|J'|/J is analyzed. It is found that an infinitesimal interchain coupling parameter is sufficient to stabilize a long-range order with either a staggered magnetization m_{s} (J' > 0) or a colinear antiferromagnetic magnetization m_{caf} (J' < 0), both behaving as ≃λ¹/² for λ → 0.
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