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After contemporary everolimus-eluting stent implantation, women and minorities experience a similar risk of 1-year MACE but a higher adjusted risk of recurrent ischemic events primarily because of nonstent-related MIs. Both clinical and angiographic factors and social determinants of health, including widowhood and insurance status, contribute to 1-year MACE among women and minorities.

This is the first study to demonstrate that the peripheral vascular bed does respond to vasodilatation thereby supporting the use of pFFR for this procedure. In our study, postintervention pFFR < 0.95 predicted a more rapid increase in PSV over time, which is a reasonably accepted surrogate for restenosis.

Objectives The Multi‐center Prospective Study to Evaluate Outcomes of Moderate to Severely Calcified Coronary Lesions (MACE—Trial) was designed to provide further insight on the impact of calcification on procedural and long‐term percutaneous coronary intervention outcomes. Background Prior studies evaluating the impact of lesion calcification on percutaneous coronary intervention outcomes are limited by: retrospective nature, pooled data from multiple studies, or lack of specificity around calcification with only operator assessment and without core lab evaluation. Methods The MACE‐Trial was a prospective, multicenter, observational clinical study that enrolled 350 subjects at 33 sites from September 2013 to September 2015. Core lab assessed subject stratification by lesion calcification (none/mild [N = 133], moderate [N = 99], and severe [N = 114]). Endpoints were lesion success, procedural success, and 1‐year major adverse cardiac events (MACEs). Results Presence of severe calcification had significant impact on lesion success ([83.3%] versus none/mild calcification [94.7%, P = 0.006]) and procedural success ([86.8%] versus moderate [95.0%, P = 0.028], and none/mild [97.7%, P = 0.001]). 1‐year MACE rates were associated with presence of calcification in subjects with none/mild (4.7%), moderate (8.7%), and severe (24.4%) (P < 0.001) calcification; however, no difference was noted between none/mild and moderate (P = 0.237). The risk adjusted multivariable model identified severe calcification and decreasing eGFR as predictors of 30‐day and 1‐year MACE. Conclusions In this prospective study, patients with severe calcification had significantly worse outcomes compared to those without; however, unlike previous retrospective studies, moderate calcium resulted in similar outcomes as none/mild calcium. Clinical Trial Registration URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01930214. Unique Identifier: NCT01930214.

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Background:Atrial fibrillation (AF) and atrial flutter are the 2 most common types of dysrhythmia in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery and are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. We sought to explore the association between the type and quantity of bypass grafts and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with postoperative AF (POAF).Hypothesis:The type and quantity of bypass grafts is associated with POAF.Methods:We queried the Society of Thoracic Surgery National Database for CABG operations, both with and without valve procedures, performed at Baystate Medical Center between January 2002 and July 2007. We used multivariable logistic regression modeling to identify predictors of POAF and to explore the impact of AF on major adverse cardiac outcomes in this post‐CABG population.Results:A total of 3068 patients received CABG surgery, 187 (6.1%) of whom received concurrent valve replacement or repair. The incidence of POAF was 38.3%. POAF was significantly associated with readmission within 30 days (P < 0.009), increased length of stay (P << 0.0001), and a strong trend toward increased 30 day mortality (P = 0.058). There was no association between POAF and postoperative stroke (P = 0.92), graft type (P = nonsignificant) or number of grafts (P = nonsignificant).Conclusions:Patients with POAF experienced increased morbidity and mortality as demonstrated by previous studies. Neither the number of grafts nor type of grafts was associated with POAF. Furthermore, the rate of stroke was not associated with POAF. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.The authors have no funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose.