Guidelines for sand control completion technique and gravel size selection are presented. These new criteria are based primarily on reservoir sand size distribution. Emphasis is on formations with very high fines content and a wide distribution of grain sizes. Upon failure and/or particle movement, these formations can exhibit very high skins and reduced production capacity with traditional control methods. Guidelines are also discussed for formations with little fines and a very uniform grain size distribution. Proposed criteria are based on field experience and experiments conducted with reservoir cores from different sand formations worldwide. Experiments were conducted by "packing" different gravels at the effluent end of core plugs and surging fluids through the plugs and gravel. Cases are presented where traditional methods would lead to an overly restrictive gravel pack and advantages are obtained with use of larger gravel. P. 201
The Rapier project began to emerge shortly after the publication of the report of the committee which sat under Sir Solly Zuckerman to consider the management and control of Research and Development. The “Zuckerman” formula was applied to Rapier and feasibility studies were followed by a project study, a holding contract, and eventually full development. Meanwhile another committee under Mr. W. G. Downey had been considering the management of large development projects, and some of the techniques advocated by them have already been applied to Rapier. Rapier, therefore, can be said to span the Zuckerman-Downey period, a period which has seen modern management techniques applied in more and more depth throughout the aerospace industry.
During the conceptual phases of a project the operational planning groups in government and industry carry out cost effectiveness analyses, using the techniques described by Mr. Kerr, to chose between various feasible solutions to the problem. Suppose we are dealing; with an anti-aircraft problem (cf. Fig. 1).There might be two alternatives in the reckoning: solution A, based on guided weapons, and solution B, based on radar controlled guns; or alternatively, two guided weapons solutions; one based on command-to-line-of-sight, and one on semi-active homing.
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