Pituitary adenomas account for 10–15% of primary intracranial tumors. Growth hormone (GH)-secreting adenomas account for 13% of all pituitary adenomas and cause acromegaly. These tumors can be aggressive, invade surrounding structures and are highly recurrent. The objective of this study was to evaluate E-cadherin, Slug and neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) expression in GH-secreting pituitary adenomas and its relationship to tumor invasiveness. A cross–sectional study of patients who underwent hypophysectomy due to GH-secreting pituitary adenoma from April 2007 to December 2014 was carried out. The medical records were reviewed to collect clinical data. Immediately after surgery, tumor samples were frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored in a biofreezer at –80°C for assessment of E-cadherin 1 (CDH1), SLUG (SNAI2), and NCAM (NCAM1) by real-time PCR. The samples were fixed in formalin and embedded in paraffin for immunohistochemical analysis of E-cadherin and NCAM. Thirty-five patients with acromegaly were included in the study. Of these, 65.7% had invasive tumors. Immunohistochemically, E-cadherin was expressed in 96.7% of patients, and NCAM in 80% of patients. There was no statistically significant relationship between tumor grade or invasiveness and immunohistochemical expression of these markers. Regarding gene expression, 50% of cases expressed CDH1, none expressed SNAI2, and 53.3% expressed NCAM1. There was no statistically significant relationship between tumor grade or invasiveness and gene expression of CDH1, SNAI2, and NCAM1. The absence of Slug overexpression and of E-cadherin and NCAM suppression suggests that expression of these markers is not associated with tumor invasiveness in GH-secreting pituitary adenomas.
BackgroundProlactin (PRL) is a hormone synthesized in both the pituitary gland and extrapituitary sites. It has been associated with the occurrence of neoplasms and, more recently, with central nervous system (CNS) neoplasms. The aim of this study was to evaluate prolactin expression in primary central nervous system tumors through quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry (IH).ResultsPatient mean age was 49.1 years (SD 15.43), and females accounted for 70% of the sample. The most frequent subtype of histological tumor was meningioma (61.5%), followed by glioblastoma (22.9%). Twenty cases (28.6%) showed prolactin expression by immunohistochemistry, most of them females (18 cases, 90%). Quantitative real-time PCR did not show any prolactin expression.ConclusionsDespite the presence of prolactin expression by IH, the lack of its expression by quantitative real-time PCR indicates that its presence in primary tumors in CNS is not a reflex of local production.
RESUMOO objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a prática do uso e do descarte de medicamentos entre produtores da rede leiteira da região noroeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. O estudo foi conduzido mediante a aplicação de um questionário e a amostra foi constituída por 46 participantes. Os resultados demonstram que a maioria dos participantes apresenta medicamentos em suas residências (98%). Destes, 66% afirmam usar medicamentos por conta própria, 22% reutiliza medicamentos de tratamentos anteriores, 65% realiza o descarte em lixo comum e 9% descarta em vaso sanitário. Em relação à "farmácia caseira" o medicamento mais armazenado foi o paracetamol (78%). A maioria dos participantes (74%) relataram não ter recebido nenhuma informação a respeito do assunto. Neste sentido, observa-se que a maioria da população descarta os medicamentos de forma inadequada e a falta de orientações é o principal fator que leva a esta prática.
ABSTRACTThis study aims to evaluate the practice of use and disposal of drugs among farmers of a dairy network in the northwest region of the State of Rio Grande do Sul. The study was conducted through the application of a questionnaire in a sample consisted of 46 participants. The results show that most of the participants have pharmaceutical drugs in their homes (98%), 66% say they use pharmaceutical drugs on their own, 22% reuse pharmaceutical drugs from previous treatments, 65% discard the drugs in common waste; and 9% discard them in toilet. Regarding to the "homemade pharmacy" the most commonly found drug was paracetamol (78%). Most of the participants (74%) reported not having received any information on the subject. In this sense, it is observed that the majority of the population disposes of pharmaceutical drugs inappropriately and that the lack of information is the main factor that leads to this practice. Descarte de medicamentos: avaliação do conhecimento dos produtores da atividade leiteira Discard of medicines: evaluation of the knowledge of the dairy activity producers Como citar este artigo: BATISTA, N. N.; MENDES, G. A.; CARVALHO, T. G. M. L.; NEGRETE, B. B.; BULEGON, J. S.; SCHÄFER, M. G.; MARTINS DA SILVA, V.; DEUSCHLE, V. C. K. N. Descarte de medicamentos: avaliação do conhecimento dos produtores da atividade leiteira. Revista Saúde (Sta. Maria). 2019; 45 (2).
Objetivo: determinar a prevalência de sífilis adquirida, gestacional e congênita, bem como seus aspectos clínicos e epidemiológicos.Materiais e Métodos: estudo retrospectivo transversal, descritivo e analítico que teve como amostra os dados clínicos e sociodemográficos de pacientes que foram diagnosticados com sífilis adquirida, sífilis congênita e sífilis gestacional no período de 2018 a 2019. Os dados clínicos compreenderam: forma da sífilis, idade, data do diagnóstico, forma de exposição, realização do pré-natal, títulos de anticorpos e período da gestação. Já os dados sociodemográficos compreenderam: etnia, escolaridade, sexo e residência em zona rural ou zona urbana. As avaliações de diferenças estatísticas foram verificadas pelo teste qui-quadrado de Pearson.Resultados: A idade média dos pacientes foi de de 30,3 anos (±11,9). A maioria dos participantes era do sexo feminino, de origem étnica branca, possuía escolaridade de nível médio incompleto e residia em zona urbana. Predominaram pacientes com sífilis adquirida, e que apresentaram níveis de titulação de anticorpos de 1:32. Também, os pacientes que tinham idade média de 32,7 anos tiveram relação estatística com a forma de notificação adquirida da sífilis.Conclusão: Esses resultados podem oferecer informações úteis para subsidiar as políticas de saúde na prevenção, no tratamento e acompanhamento desse grupo de pacientes.
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