A novel measurement approach is described which has been developed to allow both pressure and skin friction measurements at very low speeds in liquid or gaseous environments. This approach, surface stress-sensitive films, S 3 F, is based on the deformation of an elastic media and the transformation of this deformation into surface loads (pressure and shear stresses). Measurements in both air and water flows have been made. A comparative analysis of the S 3 F and PSP techniques for a low-speed air-flow case is presented.
While Pressure-Sensitive Paint (PSP) has demonstrated significant potential in high-speed wind tunnels, several issues that limit the accuracy of the technique have been identified. The implementation of lifetime-based PSP systems has resolved many of these errors; however, non-uniform temperature distributions on the model surface remains a potential problem (especially in low-speed measurement applications). To solve this problem, a series of binary paint systems specifically designed for multiple-gate lifetime approaches have been developed and evaluated. Imaging experiments with the binary paints indicates that a wind-off measurement is necessary to minimize the effects of non-uniform probe distributions and varying paint thickness.
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