A 5-year-old boy presented with fever, headache, fatigue, neck stiffness, and 2 episodes of nocturnal urinary incontinence, prompting a visit to the emergency department. He had experienced intermittent frontal headaches and leg and buttock pain for several months, which had worsened over the previous 2 weeks. His history was notable for a spinal hemangioma with vascular tract, but he was otherwise healthy. On examination, he was febrile and tachycardic. He held his neck slightly rotated to the right with limited range of motion in all directions due to pain. No focal neurologic deficits were noted, and sensation and deep tendon reflexes were intact bilaterally. He was able to bear weight on both legs. There was no spinal tenderness or limitation in range of motion of his back and hips. There were no cutaneous manifestations, including no sacral dimple. A complete blood count with differential revealed leukocytosis of 31.98 × 103/µL (78.6% neutrophils, 16% bands). C-reactive protein was elevated at 2.4 mg/dL (0-1 mg/dL), and serum electrolytes, liver function tests, uric acid, and lactate dehydrogenase were within normal limits for age. Blood cultures were obtained before admission. Here we present his case, diagnostic evaluation, ultimate diagnosis, and complications.
High-risk newborns are known to have various sequelae to the problems they encounter while in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). To address problems in these patients, and learn how to care for future high-risk patients, NICU follow-up clinics have been developed. Although most large NICUs have a follow-up clinic, there is little standardization of these programs. These programs seek to address and put in place the best interventions, both in the nursery and post-discharge, for newborns with conditions such as cerebral palsy, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, vision impairment, and others. Both the field of medicine and society at large have been fascinated with the outcome for infants born at risk for death and neurodevelopmental disabilities. Physicians skilled in these infant diseases have made great progress in treating them.
Behavioral parent training (BPT) is an evidence-based intervention for children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and their families and is, in fact, a key recommendation in the treatment of complex ADHD. BPT may consist of psychoeducation, disciplinary communication, observation and monitoring, or positive reinforcement.This study aimed to investigate which specific strategies are most effective in changing parenting behaviors and outcomes. It included 29 randomized controlled Autism, ADHD, and MortalityCatala-Lopez F, Hutton B, Page MJ, et al. Mortality in persons with autism spectrum disorder or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Pediatr. 2022;176:e216401.Studies have suggested that both autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may be associated with an increased risk of mortality in diagnosed individuals compared with the general population, but results have been inconsistent.
No abstract
No abstract
Global prevalence of meeting screen time guidelines among children 5 years and younger: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Pediatr. 2022;176:373-383. This meta-analysis sought to ascertain an estimate of the prevalence of adherence to screen time (ST) guidelines among children 0 to 5 years. Adherence was defined as no ST in children aged 0 to 2 years and ,1 hour or ,2 hours/day in those aged 2 to 5 years (depending on the prescribed guideline in the country of study). The review encompassed a search of MED-LINE, PsycINFO, and EMBASE with papers from the COVID-19 pandemic period excluded. Inclusion criteria included (1) studies reporting the proportion of children meeting or exceeding an established ST guideline, (2) children 5 years and younger, and (3) reports written in English. Television (TV) use was used as a proxy in studies that reported ST use by different modalities/devices.The final review included 95 distinct samples from 65 studies (year range 1999-2017). Among children ,2 years, data from 26 studies showed a pooled prevalence rate of 0.24 (95% CI 0.19-0.32), i.e., 24.7% of children met the guideline. The adherence rate was higher in studies in which ST was assessed through questionnaires (event rate: 0.34; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.25-0.44) versus interview methods (event rate: 0.18; 95% CI, 0.10-0.30), in studies in which ST was a combination of different screen use activities (event rate: 0.36; 95% CI, 0.28-0.45) versus TV/movies alone (event rate: 0.16; 95% CI, 0.11-0.24), and in studies that were more recent in time (b 5 0.09; 95% CI, 0.01-0.17).Among children 2 to 5 years, with reference guideline of ,1 hour/day, 44 studies showed a pooled prevalence rate of 0.36 (95% CI, 0.31-0.41), with adherence higher in studies in which ST was TV/movies alone (event rate: 0.42; 95% CI, 0.36-0.50) versus a combination of screen use activities (event rate: 0.31; 95% CI, 0.25-0.37). In those with reference guidelines of ,2 hours/day, 25 studies showed a pooled prevalence rate of 0.56 (95% CI, 0.50-0.62), with no significant moderators of adherence identified.Overall adherence to ST guidelines is low, ranging from 24.7% in children ,2 years to 35.6% (,1 hour/day) and 56.0% (,2 hours/day) in those aged 2 to 5 years. However, this does not capture the content of ST and other modalities of use apart from TV and ST use during the ongoing pandemic. A.R.
No abstract
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
334 Leonard St
Brooklyn, NY 11211
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.