No abstract

In patients often require repeated colonoscopy as a result of poor colonic preparation. A study of 101 inpatients was conducted to determine the most effective bowel preparation strategies. Results suggest patients on certain medications and with certain medical histories react differently to bowel preparation. Patients with diabetes, renal disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or chronic constipation should receive a more aggressive preparation to obtain optimal results. Likewise, patients who are taking narcotics and laxatives need to be identified and can be expected to require additional preparation to be properly cleansed. Clear liquid diet prior to the administration of the bowel preparation was the only diet modification that affected quality of preparation. The optimal bowel preparation was a 6-liter Golytely preparation along with a secondary preparation (e.g., tap water enema, Fleets enema, Dulcolax tablets). Results showed a 50% satisfactory rating of bowel preparation was achieved in patients who took 3/4 to all of their preparation. The best results were obtained when the colonoscopy procedure was conducted within 6-11 hours of bowel preparation completion.

Obesity was associated with advanced neoplasia in this screening population. Our data regarding the association of colorectal neoplasia with this modifiable risk factor has implications for screening and prevention of colorectal cancer.

The purpose of this work is to outline a simple model to assess the relative merits of different sampling grids for ocular aberrometry and illustrate it with an example. While in traditional Hartmann-Shack setups the sampling grid geometries have been somewhat restricted by the geometries of the available microlens arrays, other techniques such as laser ray tracing or spatially resolved refractometry allow for a greater freedom of choice. For all available setups, including HS, it is worth studying which of these choices perform better in terms of accuracy (closeness of the obtained results to the actual ones) and precision (uncertainty of the obtained results). Whilst the mathematical model presented in this paper is quite general and it can be applied to optimise existing or new aberrometers, the numerical results presented in the example are only valid for the particular aberration sample used and centroiding algorithms studied, and should not be generalised outside of these boundaries.