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The potters who left the declining South Gaulish Samian factories in order to start their own workshops at Lezoux, in Central Gaul, experienced in their turn the loss of potters who, after learning the craft, went away to start the many small Samian factories which existed in East Gaul and Germany during the second and early third centuries. Many of these were so successful that their products were used in quantity in north-east Gaul and the Rhineland, and even reached many sites in Britain. To mention only a few, the wares from Lavoye and La Madeleine are notable at Corbridge and South Shields, and much Trier ware has been found at Corbridge.

Hardly anything is known about the Trajanic pottery of northern Britain. No closed and dated Trajanic group has hitherto been recovered and studied. 1 (1953) ... c. A.D. 120.. .. The date [of the emergence of Black-burnished ware] is fixed by reference both to the Stanegate Forts. .. and also by complementary argument. .. * (1973) The two quotations above reflect the view which was revived in 1948 by E. Birley and J. P. Gillam, but recanted by Birley in 1964, which was invented by R. G. Collingwood about 1930, but recanted by him in 1936. This speculation has, therefore, had a series of ups and downs, but it never received support from Gibson and Simpson, the excavators of Haltwhistle Burn fortlet (FIG. I). The fortlet lies within a few yards of Agricola's road, known as the Stanegate, which runs between the late first-century forts of Carlisle, Nether Denton, Chesterholm and Corstopitum. The position is a very strong one: the ground falls away to the deep channel of the little burn on the west side and it is very steep on the south side.

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