Background: Oral health surveys conducted on a very large population involve many examiners who must be consistent in scoring different levels of an oral disease. Prior to the oral health survey implementation, a measurement of inter-rater reliability (IRR) is needed to know the level of agreement among examiners or raters. Purpose: This study aimed to assess the IRR using consensus and consistency estimates in large population oral health surveys. Methods: A total of 58 dentists participated as raters. The benchmarker showed the clinical sample for dental caries and community periodontal index (CPI) score, with the raters being trained to carry out a calibration exercise in dental phantom. The consensus estimate was measured by means of a percent agreement and Cohen’s Kappa statistic. The consistency estimate of IRR was measured by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and intraclass correlation. Results: The percent agreement is 65.50% for photographic slides of dental caries, 73.13% for photographic slides of CPI and 78.78% for calibration of dental caries using phantom. There were statistically significant differences between dental caries calibration using photographic slides and phantom (p<0.000), while the consistency of IRR between multiple raters is strong (Cronbrach’s Alpha: >0.9). Conclusion: A percent agreement across multiple raters is acceptable for the diagnosis of dental caries. Consistency between multiple raters is reliable when diagnosing dental caries and CPI.
Abstract-A complete dental record can be used in solving legal cases as well as forensic cases in dentistry. The Government of the Republic of Indonesia has established a minimum standard of filling dental records. A cross sectional study was conducted to determine the completeness of the contents of dental records at private dental practice in Bandung. The total of 97 dental records were taken from 30 private dental practices of general dentists or dental specialists in the city of Bandung, taken by random sampling technique. This study showed that 70% of dental records did not fill in the odontogram section, 51% of dental records did not fill in the results of anamnesis, and the entire dental records did not fill in the physical examination section. As a conclusion, the average percentage of the completeness of dental record at private dental practices in Bandung was 62%.
Dental and oral health is a part of body’s health that can not be separated from one another. Dental caries is more common in childhood during preschool. Dental health education must be introduced as early as possible to children so they know how to maintain good dental and oral health. Children aged 4?5 years need help from their parents in brushing their teeth. Parents play an important role in maintaining oral health. Sociodemographic factors may affect oral health, such as family income and education. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of the dmf-t index in children aged 4?5 years in kindergartens in Bandung with the sociodemographic status of parents. This study is an analytical study using a cross sectional approach. This research was conducted by survey method and the number of samples used the whole sampling method. Examination of caries severity using dmf-t index and parents filled out the questionnaire. The statistical analysis used in this study was multivariate analysis. From the results of the average dmf-t score in kindergarten students, which numbered 80 childrens are in the high category (5.86) and father's education has a significant relationship with the child's dmf- t index. The conclusion of this study is that there is no relationship between the dmf-t index of children aged 4?5 years in kindergartens in Bandung with the sociodemographic status of parents.
Introduction: Parents knowledge related to oral health behaviour in children. Parents introduced the habit of tooth brushing to their children and how to maintain good oral hygiene. The purpose of this study was to describe parents knowledge about tooth brushing and oral hygiene level in the kindergarten students. Methods: The study design was cross sectional research and descriptive observational. This study was conducted towards 25 students of Gymboree and Kidsville at Bandung, Indonesia, which consisted of 14 boys (56%) and 11 girls (44%). The data collection was done by giving questionnaires to parents and examination of student's oral hygiene level by using PHP index. Results: Generally parents already have the good knowledge that supports the children oral hygiene level, but there were still 52% of parents who does not use the recommended techniques to brush the outer surface of the teeth and 64% of parents who does not use the recommended techniques to brush the tooth surface that face to the cheek. The oral hygiene level of Gymboree and Kidsville students were very good 0% (0), 32% good (0.1-1.7), 60% medium (1.8-3.4), and 8% bad (3.5-5.0). Awareness of parents about tooth brushing and oral hygiene level of children were generally adequate, but were not fulfilling the standards of oral health recommended by dentist. Conclusion: Parents knowledge about oral hygiene were generally good and the oral hygiene of kindergarten student were in medium range.
Pola hidup dari tokoh masyarakat akan menjadi panutan bagi warga masyarakatnya, begitu juga dengan kesehatan rongga mulut yang dimilikinya. Desa X mengalami krisis air bersih sehingga membuat warga desa menggunakan air seadanya untuk melakukan kegiatan sehari-hari. Sebagian besar warga Desa X hanya dapat bekomunikasi menggunakan bahasa daerah mereka dan memiliki kesulitan dalam berbahasa Indonesia. Artikel ini disusun untuk memberikan gambaran mengenai kesehatan serta kebersihan rongga mulut tokoh masyarakat di Desa X, Kabupaten Indramayu dengan harapan di kemudian hari desa ini dapat menjadi perhatian bersama. Digunakan disain potong lintang/cross sectional untuk melihat kondisi kesehatan serta kebersihan rongga mulut tokoh masyarakat Desa X, Kabupaten Indramayu. Kesehatan rongga mulut dinilai dengan index DMF-T (Decay, Missing, Filled Tooth), kebersihan rongga mulut dinilai dengan index PHP (Patient Hygiene Performance Index). Studi melibatkan 14 tokoh masyarakat desa X, yang terdiri dari 6 (enam) pamong desa dan 9 (sembilan) kader PKK. Pemeriksaan dilakukan pada tempat dengan pencahayaan cukup. Pemeriksaan kesehatan rongga mulut hanya dilakukan sekali, sedangkan pemeriksaan kebersihan mulut dilakukan selama 3 (tiga) bulan berturut-turut. Setiap setelah pemeriksaan, para tokoh masyarakat diberikan edukasi mengenai cara menyikat gigi. Kesehatan rongga mulut tokoh masyarakat Desa X Kabupaten Indramayu adalah 10,4 dengan prevalensi karies 100%. Kebersihan rongga mulut tokoh masyarakat Desa X Kabupaten Indramayu pada bulan pertama adalah 3,4 (buruk), bulan ke-2 adalah 2,9 (sedang), dan bulan ke-3 adalah 2,3 (sedang). Perlu dilakukan pendekatan lebih mendalam dan rutin dengan menggunakan bahasa daerah setempat untuk memberikan edukasi kesehatan gigi dan mulut pada tokoh masyarakat Desa X Kabupaten Indramayu.
Natural disasters, crime, and accidents can happen anytime. The hardest part after the tragedy is to identify the victim,especially if their bodies are no longer intact. Tooth is one of the most important parts of the body that can beidentified even if the body is already destroyed. One of the difficulties in the identification process is the inadequacy ofante mortem data of the victims, especially the children. In this paper, it discussed about dental ID card that can beuseful as summary information on cases of abduction or in the process of identifying the bodies in the event of adisaster. Odontogram in the dental identification card can help the dentist to create a plan of care for children and canalso assist in the gathering of data for epidemiological purposes that give data about the health condition of the child'smouth. Such data can be used as a basis for policy-making is a step to prevention, which is expected to improve theoral health of children in Indonesia. This card must be given to the patient and always taken when they go to thedentist. All providers of oral health services, including UKGS role in updating the data on a regular basis. It was concluded that the oral health information is very helpful in making the right decisions that improve oral health.Dental identification card is a real little effort in realizing it, have a major impact, simple but useful.
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