Mammography is the most efficient technique for detecting and diagnosing breast cancer. Clusters of microcalcifications have been mainly targeted as a reliable early sign of breast cancer and their earliest detection is essential to reduce the probability of mortality rate. Since the size of microcalcifications is very tiny and may be overlooked by the observing radiologist, we have developed a Computer Aided Diagnosis system for automatic and accurate cluster detection. A three-phased novel approach is presented in this paper. Firstly, regions of interest that corresponds to microcalcifications are identified. This can be achieved by analyzing the bandpass coefficients of the mammogram image. The suspicious regions are passed to the second phase, in which the nodular structured microcalcifications are detected based on eigenvalues of second order partial derivatives of the image and microcalcification pixels are segmented out by exploiting the foveal segmentation in multiscale analysis. Finally, by combining the responses coming out from the second order partial derivatives and the foveal method, potential microcalcifications are detected.The detection performance of the proposed method has been evaluated by using 370 mammograms. The detection method has a TP ratio of 97.76 % with 0.68 false positives per image. We have examined the performance of our computerized scheme using free-response operating characteristics curve.
A Speech recognition system requires a combination of various techniques and algorithms, each of which performs a specific task for achieving the main goal of the system. Speech recognition performance can be enhanced by selecting the proper acoustic model. In this work, the feature extraction and matching is done by SKPCA with Unsupervised learning algorithm and maximum probability. SKPCA reduces the data maximization of the model. It represents a sparse solution for KPCA, because the original data can be reduced considering the weights, i.e., the weights show the vectors which most influence the maximization. Unsupervised learning algorithm is implemented to find the suitable representation of the labels and maximum probability is used to maximize thenormalized acoustic likelihood of the most likely state sequences of training data. The experimental results show the efficiency of SKPCA technique with the proposed approach and maximum probability produce the great performance in the speech recognition system.
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