Background: The decreased balance in the elderly increases the risk of falling. An effective type of exercise is needed to improve balance for the elderly. Aims: The purpose of this study was to determine the difference in the effectiveness of adding active stretching with dynamic stretching to balance strategy exercise as a home-based exercise program in improving the balance for the elderly. Participants and Methods: This research was a randomized control trial. The participants were 36 elderly selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, divided into three groups. Group 1 was given dynamic stretching exercises to balance strategy exercises, Group 2 was assigned active stretching exercises to balance strategy exercise, and Group 3 was given balance strategy exercise only as a control group. Each group was given different exercises three times a week for 6 weeks. The balance ability of the elderly is measured using a Berg balance scale (BBS). Results: The mean difference scores of BBS before and after exercise with paired sample t -test increased in both groups with P < 0.05. It means that all groups had a significant impact, where the highest different score is in Group 2. The one-way ANOVA test showed a significant difference in the average posttest BBS value between the groups. Furthermore, the data were analyzed by the LSD post hoc test, where the results showed that all groups have significant differences against other groups ( P < 0.05), with the best group being Group 2. Conclusion: According to the results, the addition of active stretching exercise to the balance strategy exercise as a home-based exercise program is the most effective in improving balance for the elderly.
Stroke dapat didefinisikan sebagai timbulnya tanda dan gejala neurologis secara tiba-tiba akibat dari gangguan suplai darah ke otak. Gejala yang ditimbulkan berupa hemiplegia dan hemiparesis. Stroke dapat menyebabkan seseorang mengalami imobilisasi dalam jangka waktu lama dan memungkinkan seseorang mengalami ulkus dekubitus. Adapun upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mencegah terjadinya ulkus dekubitus adalah dengan memperhatikan proper positioning dan waktu perubahan posisi tubuh yang tepat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui proper positioning dan waktu perubahan posisi tubuh yang tepat pada pasien stroke serta mengetahui mekanisme yang mendasari dalam mencegah terjadinya ulkus dekubitus. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah narrative literature review dengan menggunakan data sekunder berupa kajian jurnal-jurnal penelitian yang berkaitan dengan proper positioning dan waktu perubahan posisi tubuh pada pasien stroke dalam mencegah terjadinya ulkus dekubitus. Penerapan proper positioning pada pasien stroke dapat diaplikasikan pada 5 posisi tubuh diantaranya (1) posisi tidur terlentang (2) posisi berbaring di sisi yang sehat (3) posisi berbaring disisi yang mengalami paralisis, (4) duduk dikasur dan (5) duduk dikursi. Setiap posisi memiliki 9 titik kontrol meliputi daerah kepala dan leher, bahu, siku, pergelangan tangan, jari-jari, tulang belakang, panggul, pinggul, lutut, kaki dan pergelangan kaki. Penerapan proper positioning yang tepat dengan pengulangan setiap 2 jam sekali dapat mencegah terjadinya ulkus dekubitus, hal ini juga harus didukung dengan pemenuhan nutrisi yang baik, perawatan kulit dan edukasi kesehatan.
Background: As we get older, the ability to balance the body is decreased, which will cause health problems because the risk of falling increases. The effective exercise is needed for the elderly to maintain and improve their ability to balance the body. Aims: This study aims to determine the effectiveness of adding dynamic stretching exercise to the balance strategy exercise in improving balance in the elderly. Participants and Methods: This study was a randomized control trial with a total number of 24 elderly as subjects who were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria which were then divided into 2 groups. Group 1 was given dynamic stretching exercise and balance strategy exercise, and group 2 was given balance strategy exercise only. Exercise is done 3 times a week for 6 weeks. Results: The results of data analysis using the Paired Sample T-test showed that the results of p<0.05 indicated that there was a significant increase in the BBS score before and after exercise. The Independent T-test on the BBS score after exercise showed a p<0.05 which indicated that there was a significant difference in the post-test BBS scores between groups 1 and 2, where group 1 experienced a higher increasement of BBS score in balance compared to group 2. Conclusion: Based on the results of data analysis, the addition of dynamic stretching exercise to balance strategy exercise is more effective in improving balance in the elderly compared to balance strategy exercise only.
Background: Hallux valgus is a deformity characterized by a change in the shape of the thumb with symptoms of swelling, redness and pain. Hallux valgus is progressive where there is a lump at the base of the thumb which can occur due to the weakness of the muscles and ligaments around the first metatarsophalangeal joint. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between body mass index and the type of foot arches on the risk of hallux valgus in children aged 13–14 years. Methods: This research is a cross sectional analytic study with simple random sampling technique. The number of samples are 99 children (39 males, 60 females) aged 13–14 years. The variables measured were body mass index using body weight scales and a stature meter, the type of foot arches using a wet footprint test, and hallux valgus with a goniometer.Results: Our study shows that there is no significant correlation between body mass index and hallux valgus at the level of 0.157. However, there is a significant correlation between the type of foot arches and hallux valgus at the 0.003 level. In addition, there is a significant correlation between body mass index and foot arches. Conclusions: There was a significant relationship between body mass index and foot arches and foot arches with the risk of hallux valgus. However, body mass index is not directly related to hallux valgus condition.
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