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Controlled regeneration of bone or cartilage has recently begun to facilitate a host of novel clinical treatments. An osteoblast line, which we isolated is able to form new bone matrix in vivo within 2 days and exhibits a mature osteoblast phenotype both in vitro and in vivo. Using these cells, we show that cuboidal bones can be generated into a predesigned shaped-bone with high-density bone trabeculae when used in combination with a modified poly-DL-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA)-collagen sponge. PLGA coated with collagen gel serves as a good scaffold for osteoblasts. These results indicate that mature osteoblasts, in combination with a scaffold such as PLGA-collagen sponge, show promise for use in a custom-shaped bone regeneration tool for both basic research into osteogenesis and for development of therapeutic applications.

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